a 
or 
July 13, 1841. 
Professor Owen, Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The following letter, addressed to Mr. Waterhouse, from James 
Brooke, Esq., was read:— 
<< Singapore, 25th March, 1841. 
«« My dear Sir,—I am happy to announce the departure of five 
live Orang Utans by the ship Martin Luther, Captain Swan, and I 
trust they will reach you alive. In case they die, I have directed 
Captain Swan to put them into spirit, that you may still have an op- 
portunity of seeing them. The whole of the five are from Borneo : 
one large female adult from Sambas ; two, with slight cheek callosities, 
from Pontiana; a small male, without any sign of callosities, from 
Pontiana likewise ; and the smallest of all, a very young male with 
callosities, from Sadung. I will shortly forward a fine collection of 
skulls and skeletons from the north-west coast of Borneo, either 
shot by myself or brought by the natives, and I beg you will do me 
the favour to present the live Orangs and this collection to the 
Zoological Society. I have made many inquiries and gained some 
information regarding these animals, and I can, beyond a doubt, 
prove the existence of two, if not three distinct species in Borneo. 
«First, I will re-state the native account ; secondly, give you my 
own observations ; and thirdly, enter into a brief detail of the spe- 
cimens hereafter to be forwarded. 
«« Ist. The natives of the north-west coast of Borneo are all po- 
sitive as to the existence of two distinct species, which I formerly 
gaye you by the names of the Mias Pappan and Mias Rami ; but I 
have since received information from a few natives of intelligence 
that there are three sorts, and what is vulgarly called the Mias 
Rambi is in reality the Mias Kassar, the Rambi being a distinct and 
third species. The Mias Pappan is the Simia Wurmbii of Mr. Owen, 
having callosities on the sides of the face : the natives treat with de- 
rision the idea of the Mias Kassar or Simia Morio being the female 
of the Mias Pappan or Simia Wurmbii, and I consider the fact can 
be established so clearly that I will not trouble you with their state- 
ments: both Malays and Dyaks are positive that the female of the 
Mias Pappan has cheek-callosities, the same as the male ; and if on 
inquiry it prove to be so, the existence of three distinct species in 
Borneo will be established. The existence of the Mias Rambi is 
vouched by a few natives only, but they were men of intelligence 
and well acquainted with the animals in the wild state. ‘They re- 
present the Mias Rambi to be as tall as the Pappan, or even taller, 
but not so stout, with longer hair, a smaller face, and no callosities 
either on the male or female, and they always insisted that it was 
not the female of the Pappan. : 
“The Mias Kassar or Simia Morio is the same colour as the Mias 
No. CII.—Proceepines or THE ZoOLoGicaL Society. 
