56 
Pappan, but altogether smaller, and devoid of callosities either on the 
male or female adults. 
«« By the native statements, therefore, we find three distinct spe- 
cies, viz. the Mias Pappan or Simia Wurmbii, the Mias Kassar or 
Simia Morio, and the Mias Rambi, which is either the Simia Abelii 
or afourth species. The existence of the Sumatran Orang in Borneo 
is by no means impossible, and I have already compared so many of 
the native statements that I place more confidence in them than I 
. did formerly, more especially as their account is in a great measure 
borne out by the skulls in my possession. I had an opportunity 
of seeing the Mias Pappan and the Mias Kassar in their native 
woods, and killing one of the former and several of the latter species. 
The distribution of these animals is worthy of notice, as they are 
found both at Pontiana and Sambas in considerable numbers, and at 
Sadung on the north-west coast, but are unknown in the interme- 
diate country which includes the rivers of Sarawak and Samarahan. 
I confess myself at a loss to account for their absence on the Sara- 
wak and Samarahan rivers, which abound with fruit, and have forests 
similar and contiguous to the Sadung Linga and other rivers. The 
distance from Samarahan to Sadung does not exceed twenty-five 
miles, and though pretty abundant on the latter, they are unknown 
on the former river. From Sadung, proceeding to the northward and 
eastward, they are found for about 100 miles, but beyond that distance 
do not inhabit the forests. The Mias Pappan and Mias Kassar in- 
habit the same woods, but I never met them on the same day; both 
species, according to the natives, are equally common, but from my 
own experience the Mias Kassar is the most plentiful. The Mias 
Rambi is represented as unfrequent and rarely to be met with. The 
Pappan is justly named Satyrus from the ugly face and disgusting 
callosities. The adult male I killed was seated lazily on a tree, and 
when approached only took the trouble to interpose the trunk be- 
tween us, peeping at me and dodging as I dodged. I hit him on 
the wrist and he was afterwards despatched. I send you his pro- 
portions, enormous relative to his height, and until I came to actual 
measurement my impression was that he was nearly six feet in sta- 
ture. The following is an extract from my journal relating to him, 
noted down directly after he was killed. 
“** Great was our triumph as we gazed on the huge animal dead at 
our feet, and proud were we of having shot the first Orang we had 
seen, and shot him in his native woods, in a Borneo forest, hitherto 
untrodden by European feet. The animal was adult, having four 
incisors, two canines and ten molars in each jaw, but by his general 
appearance he was not old. We were struck by the length of his 
arms, the enormous neck, and the expanse of face, which altogether 
gave the impression of great height, whereas it was only great power. 
The hair was long, reddish and thin; the face remarkably broad and 
fleshy, and on each side, in the place of a man’s whiskers, were the 
callosities or rather fleshy protuberances, which I was so desirous 
to see, and which were nearly two inches in thickness. The ears 
were small and well-shaped, the nose quite flat, mouth prominent, 
