29 
region of the back, unless we regard the preceding oblique fibres as 
a modified representation of them. The most posterior fasciculus 
of muscular fibres, which is directly extended between the spinous 
processes, commences at the interspace of the spines of the two last 
cervical vertebrze, and the series is continued as far as the vertebra 
dentata. 
Interarticulares.—The muscles which form the more direct con- 
tinuation of the obliguo-spinales are continued from the posterior 
oblique or articular processes of one vertebra to the posterior arti- 
cular process of the next in front. 
Obliquo-transversales.—A third series of deep-seated intervertebral 
muscles is situated external to the preceding, and passes obliquely 
between the upper transverse process and the posterior articular 
process of the vertebra in front.. These fasciculi appear to be a 
continuation of the multifidus spine in the neck. 
Intertransversales.—There are also two series of short carneous 
fasciculi passing the one between the upper, and the other between 
‘the lower transverse processes. 
Levatores costarum.—The first or most anterior of this series of 
muscles seems to represent the scalenus medius ; it arises from both 
the upper and lower transverse processes of the Jast cervical verte- 
bra, and expands to be inserted into the first rib, and into the upper 
and outer part of the second rib. The remaining levatores success- 
ively diminish in size as they are placed backwards; they come off 
from the transverse processes of the six first dorsal vertebrze ; those 
from the first and second expand to be inserted into the rib attached 
to the same transverse process and to the one next behind; the rest 
have a single insertion: the angle and the part of the rib imme- 
diately beneath are the situations of their attachments. 
B. In Front of the Neck. 
Longus colli.—This muscle is represented by a series of closely 
succeeding long, narrow fasciculi, arising from the hemapophyses of 
the sixth to the first dorsal and from the ten posterior cervical ver- 
tebre ; and sending narrow tendons, which increase in length as they 
are given off more anteriorly, obliquely forwards and outwards, to be 
inserted into the costal processes of all the cervical vertebre save the 
two first: the highest or foremost tendon is attached to the tubercle 
at the under part of the ring of the atlas; but this tendon is also 
the medium of insertion of a fasciculus of muscular fibres arising 
from the upper transverse processes of the sixth, fifth, fourth, third 
and second cervical vertebree. 
The Rectus capitis anticus major is continued, or arises by as many 
distinct tendons, from the five superior tendons of insertion of the 
preceding muscle ; these origins soon become fleshy, converge, and 
coalesce previous to their insertion into the base of the skull. 
The Rectus capitis anticus minor is a strong fleshy triangular muscle 
arising from the anterior part of the body of the first four cervical 
vertebree. 
