59 
columella being obliquely plaited, included both phytophagous and 
zoophagous mollusks, animals both with and without proboscis, and 
respiratory siphon. The presence or absence of these organs, distin- 
guishing the plant-eating from the flesh-eating mollusks, is however 
still indicated to a certain extent in the shell, by the basal forma- 
tion of the aperture ; and Bruguiére, the conchologist of the ‘ Ency- 
clopédie Méthodique,’ appears to have sagaciously detected the 
difference between the shells of the true Volute and those which 
were subsequently selected by Lamarck for the formation of this 
genus ; the base of the aperture being sinuated or canaliculated in 
the one, and entire in the other. But the alteration proposed by 
Bruguiére was little or no improvement upon the arrangement of 
Linneus ; for in removing the Tornatel/e to his genus Bulimus, they 
became associated with a miscellaneous assemblage of mollusks, dif- 
fering most essentially both in their organization and habits. They 
were then distinguished by Lamarck by the above generic title; 
whilst De Blainville included them, together with some air-breathing 
mollusks, in a new genus under the name of Pedipes. The arrange- 
ment followed by the learned author of the ‘ Manuel de Malacologie’ 
was thus scarcely better than that of his predecessor Bruguiére ; he, 
however, cautiously abandoned it, when the propriety of Lamarck’s 
distribution of the Tornatelle was subsequently confirmed by Gray 
in the discovery of their being operculated. 
Of the following thirteen species referred to this genus, seven are 
entirely new ; five were collected by H. Cuming, Esq. in the Philip- 
pine Islands, one by Dr. Riippell on the shores of the Red Sea, and 
one by Dr. Siebald on the coast of Japan. 
1. TorRNATELLA FLAMMEA. Lamarck, Anim. sans vert., vol. vi. 
part 2. p. 219; Lister, Synop. Conch., pl. 814. f. 24; Sowerby, 
Genera of Shells, No. 24. f. 1; Kiener, Iconographie des Coquilles, 
pl. 1. f. 1. Reeve, Conch. Syst., vol. ii. pl. 206. f. 4. 
Auricula flammis lateritiis, Martini. 
Voluta flammea, Gmelin. 
Bulimus variegatus, Bruguiére. 
Hab. ad insulam Java. 
This shell, which is distinctly figured both by Lister and Martini, 
is marked with a number of flesh-coloured stripes, running in a lon- 
gitudinal direction from the spire. 
Var. a. Strigis rubris in maculis semilunaribus aperté divisis. 
Reeve, Conch. Syst., vol. ii. pl. 206. f. 6. 
Hab. ad insulam Ticao, Philippinarum. 
A beautiful variety, in which the longitudinal flesh-coloured stripes 
are divided into distinct patches, of the form of a crescent. Found 
by Mr. Cuming at the island of Ticao, in sandy mud at seven 
fathoms’ depth. 
Var. 3. Testa minore, maculis semilunaribus frequentioribus, indi- 
stinctis. 
Reeve, Conch. Syst., vol. ii. pl. 206. f. 1. 
Hab. ad insulam Corrigidor, Philippinarum. 
