63 
June 14, 1842. 
Richard Owen, Esq., Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The following paper, by George Gulliver, Esq., F.R.S., entitled 
“‘ Observations on the Muscular Fibres of the Gisophagus and Heart 
in some of the Vertebrate Animals,’’ was read. 
The present communication is a continuation of the observations 
on the muscular fibres of the cesophagus and heart published in the 
Proceedings of the Zoological Society, September 10, 1839, p. 124. 
21. Pipistrelle (Vespertilio Pipistrellus, Gmel.).—The streaked 
muscular fibre was found on the whole length of the gullet, except- 
ing the 1-16th of an inch of its cardiac end. 
22. Hedgehog (Hrinaceus Europeus, Linn.).—In this animal the 
striated or voluntary muscular fascicles form the sheath of the gullet 
to its termination in the stomach. 
23. Mole (Talpa Europea, Linn.).—Muscular sheath of the gul- 
let the same as in the hedgehog. 
24. Shrew (Sorex tetragonurus, Herm.).—The muscular sheath 
of the gullet the same as in the two preceding species. 
25. Black Bear (Ursus Americanus, Pall.).—The muscular fibre 
of animal life formed a very thick and red sheath to the entire length 
of the gullet, and even extended in bands for an inch on the cardiac 
end of the stomach. 
26. Wolf (Canis Lupus, Linn.).—The muscular fibre of animal 
life invested the whole length of the gullet, and extended scantily, 
for about two-thirds of an inch, on the cardiac end of the stomach. 
27. African Civet Cat (Viverra Civetta, Linn.).—Two inches 
from the stomach the sheath of the gullet was composed chiefly of 
the muscular fibre of organic life mixed with a few of the muscular 
fibres of animal life; and within an inch and three-quarters from 
the stomach none of the latter fibres could be found on the gullet. 
Mr. Siddall examined the gullet of another civet cat with the same 
result. 
28. Lion (Felis Leo, Linn.).—The muscular fibre of animal life 
could not be traced on the gullet further than four inches and a half 
from its ending in the stomach. Nearer to the cardiac orifice, espe- 
cially about two inches therefrom, the esophageal sheath was made 
up of bands containing corpuscles as in the horse*. Seven inches 
from the stomach the sheath of the gullet was composed of the mus- 
cular fibres of animal and organic life in nearly equal proportions. 
29. Puma (Felis concolor, Linn.).—The muscular fibre of animal 
life, mixed with a greater proportion of the muscular fibre of organic 
* See Proc. Zool. Soc. 1839, pp. 127 and 129; in which, p. 127, line 17, 
for gullet read filaments. 
No. CXIII.—Procersevines or tue Zoon. Soc. 
