64 



The anus is situated about an inch below the base of the tail, is a 

 transverse crescentic aperture, with a thick upper border. The vulva 

 is situated about 1 lines below the anus ; it is a little peaked 

 below, and the clitoris, like a small caruncle, projects 4 lines within 

 the margin. 



There was no appearance of incisors in either jaw ; but in the 

 substance of the alveolar border of the lower jaw were four rudi- 

 mental incisors, 9 lines long by 2 lines wide, which probably were never 

 destined to come through, and are smaller than those in the Caffra- 

 rian Phacochoere, called ' Harruja,' in the British Museum. The 

 present specimen also differed from that species in having no incisor 

 in the upper jaw ; not even the rudiment of one could be found in the 

 substance of the premaxillary. Hence I conclude the species to be 

 that which Van der Hoeven has characterized by the absence of in- 

 cisors in both jaws, and has called Phacochoerus Pallasii. The ex- 

 serted crown of the canine tusks was 2\ inches long in the upper, 

 and 2 inches long in the lower jaw. Five molars were apparent on 

 each side the upper jaw, and four molars on each side the lower jaw. 

 The first in each jaw was a small, obtusely rounded premolar, with 

 three long diverging fangs above and two below, answering to ^ 3 ; 

 the second molar in the upper jaw was a much-worn milk-tooth, m 4 ; 

 the third grinder above and the second below were the first true mo- 

 lar, m 1, with the crown worn down nearly to the roots. The fourth 

 grinder above and the third below were the second true molar, m 2, 

 with a body or crown 1^ of an inch in length before the giving off 

 of the short bent fangs. The last tooth in both jaws was the anterior 

 point of the third true molar just beginning to cut the gum*. 



The absence of any incisors above the gum in this young animal, 

 and the presence of four rudimental ones hidden in the lower jaw, 

 just where they are occasionally found in old individuals of the Pha- 

 cochcerus Pallasii, show that this hidden condition and small size are 

 not due to age, but are specific characters. 



The roof of the mouth presented about twenty-two pairs of trans- 

 verse, arched, palatal ridges, vsdth their convexities turned forwards ; 

 gradually decreasing as they were placed more backwards, and ter- 

 minating opposite the end of the molar series ; beyond this part the 

 membrane of the palate was smooth and soft. The tongue is long 

 and narrow, with small, obtuse, well-defined papillae below its mar- 

 gins, vyith a smooth dorsum, beset with very fine gustatory papillfe 

 for two-thirds of its extent. At the base of the tongue, 6 inches from 

 the tip, are two large fossulate papillae, on the same transverse line, 

 and behind these the dorsum of tlie tongue is beset with numerous 

 soft, moderately large, pointed and retroverted papillae. 



* The grinding surface of the teeth in place closely corresponded with those of 

 the Phacochwrus Pallasii figured in my Memoir on the Teeth of the Wart-Hogs 

 (Philosophical Transactions, 1840, pi. 34. fig. 8, ml, m2 and to 3). The pre- 

 sent specimen shows a stage anterior to the one there figured, the last milk- 

 tooth intervening between the first molar and the small premolar in the upper 

 jaw. There was no trace of the germ of a j» 4 above the crown of d 4 in place, 

 whence it may be concluded that, at corresponding phases of dentition, the Phac. 

 Pallasii has fewer grinders than the Phac. Jiliani. 



