12 Bulletin 9 204 



with the old opening. Other outcrops of this bed are said to 

 occur in secflions 2, 11 and 13. 



The only fossils found in this vicinity by the writer were 

 leaves, or their impressions, in a sandy, indurated, and highly 

 ferruginated matrix. Numerous chunks taken from the new 

 opening were literally packed with scaly, leaf- bearing layers. 



The surface of this district is rendered exceedingly rough by 

 the obdurate characfter of numerous sandstone beds which are 

 underlaid by more yielding cla5^s and sands. The absence of 

 Orange sand is noteworthy. 



The same general group of deposits doubtless obtains in 

 12S., 18 W., se<flion 30, where as stated above, Owen found 

 ' ' Tertiary ' ' sandstone and shales, associated with the lignitic 

 bed.* 



Geology about Camden. — Th.e: vicinity of Camden is ex- 

 tremely interesting from a geological point of view, in that it 

 furnishes the most extensive outcroppings of the Lignitic stage 

 known in Arkansas. On account of these extensive and typi- 

 cal exposures, Hill has given the name "Camden series" to 

 all the deposits recognized by him in southwestern Arkansas, 

 as belonging to the Tertiary system, f 



The most striking feature regarding these outcrops is the 

 preponderance of arenaceous material. To be sure there is 

 more or less agillaceous matter scattered through nearly all the 

 beds, and to this constituent doubtless the permanence and 

 perpendicularity of many of the bluffs are due ; but the few 

 purely clay beds are compartively insignificant and grade out 

 laterally into almost pure sand. Lignitic matter is often present 

 to such an extent as to give the surface of an outcrop a dark gray 

 color, but this material will generally be found upon close 

 examination to be finely comminuted and mixed with a much 

 greater amount of white fine qurtz sand. This peculiar feature 

 is remarkably pronounced all along the ravine in the south cen- 

 tral part of the town, crossed by both the St. Louis Southwest- 

 ern and the Camden Division of the St. Louis, Iron Mountain 

 and Southern Railways. Both above and below the lower ter- 



*See Rep. of Geological Reconnoissance of Arkansas, i860, p. 230. 

 t Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1888, vol. 

 II, pp. 50-188. 



