1863.] MR. R. SWINHOE ON THE BIRDS OF CHINA. 271 



those from the Amoorland so similar to European birds that he has 

 set them down as identical. I have no specimens with me, but I 

 observed the form common about the plantations at Shanghai in 

 July 1857. I have never met them further south in China. Captain 

 Blakiston met them at Shanghai in January ; hence we may infer 

 that in that neighbourhood at least they are a resident species, or 

 found both winter and summer. 



67. SuTHORA WEBBiANA, G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 18.52, p. 70. 



First procured by Mr. Webb near Shanghai. Captain Blakiston 

 met with it in large companies at Shanghai in January. He says 

 they hang about the twigs like Tits. I have never come across the 

 bird. 



Alaudid^e. 



68. Melanocorypha mongolica. 

 Alauda mongolica. Pall. 



Frequents the Mongolian desert near Pekin, and is kept as a cage- 

 bird throughout China (see The Ibis, 1861, p. 333). 



69. Calandrella pispoletta, Pall. 

 Alauda pispolett a, Pall. 



Cultivated fields of Tahen Bay, North China (see The Ibis, 1861, 

 p. 255). These have more conical bills and longer tails than the 

 European C. brachydactyla, and are doubtless referable to Pallas' s 

 species from Siberia. 



70. Alauda arvensis, L. 



A. pekinensis, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 89. 



A. japonica, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 333 ; 1863, p. 94. 



A. arvensis, von Schrenck, Amurland, &c., i. p. 273 1. 



The Skylark is abundant about Peking, and ranges into Amoor- 

 land, whence von Schrenck procured specimens. I have, since de- 

 scribing it as peculiar, seen specimens, shot in England, in Mr. 

 Tristram's collection identical with my skins from Peking. 



71. Alauda cantarella, Bp. 



A, intermedia, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 89. 



This is the Lark that abounds in the valley of the Yangtsze and 

 Shanghai. It is intermediate between the above and the following. 

 This bird was first procured by Prince Bonaparte at Florence. Mr. 

 Tristram has one, shot by himself in Geneva, which is identical in 

 every way with the Shanghai bird. It is difficult to believe that 

 this form extends right across the vast continent, maintaining its 

 distinctness from A. arvensis throughout ; but it seems rather that 

 the operation of similar causes in the extreme west and east has pro- 

 duced the same form. 



