PRELmiyAEY REPORT. 73 



sea Crustacea, which are obtained in the open' tow-nets at less than 150 

 fathoms from the surface. 



At Station 13, in 2690 fathoms, lat. 9° 57' N., long. ]37° 47' W., red 

 clay, Radiolarian ooze, light-brown ooze. The "Blake" trawl came up full 

 of large manganese nodules, balls varying in diameter from 4.} to over 6 

 inches ; a few of the largest measured 6i" in diameter. The bottom 

 contained .some animal life, but of course in tlifir long passage to the 

 surface, among such a mass of rubble, the delicate deep-sea animals come 

 up very much disfigured and ground to pieces. Attached to some of 

 the nodules we found pink Webbinas, a small Voluta (?), three species 

 of Holothurians, among- which one brilliant red I could recognize as a 

 Peniagone. We found also a fragment of a stem of Bathycrinus, half a 

 dozen joints or so, and part of the upper portion of a Metacrinus (?), a small 

 Brachiopod (Magasella ?) and a few worm-tubes, large siliceous spicules, 

 and a species of incrusting siliceous sponge, together with delicate cal- 

 careous worm-tubes attached to some of the flat nodules, and some Serpulse 

 tubes. A few Scliizopods found their way into the trawl-net on its way to 

 the surface. There were also large reddish-brown Globigerinae, evidently' 

 living at that depth in the interstices of the manganese nodules,' a large 

 red Neniertean allied to Pelagouemertes, and a small tough-skinned gray- 

 white Actinian measuring about an inch in diameter when contracted. 

 We also brought up the same egg-shaped organism with a thin greenish 

 skin about half an inch in diameter, found by the '• Blake " and former 

 '•Albatross" expeditions, tlie nature of which I have not been able to 

 determine. The manganese nodules were all more or less mammary; 

 this is specially well-developed in the flat pieces. 



Station 17, 2463 fathoms, lat. 0' 50' N., long. 137' 54' W., fine, light- 

 gray, yellowish Globigerina ooze. An excellent liaul was made with the 

 "Blake" trawl, considering its depth and its distance from the nearest land; 



I Dr. Mayer kept surface Globigerinae in the dark for tliree weeks. They were brilliant carmine 

 when collected, and at the end of that time had lost all their color and had become quite pale, like 

 those found at the bottom. The only colored Globigerina; we found on the bottom were those 

 living attached on the surface or between the cr,icks of manganese nodules. These were dull 

 reddish-brown, with much heavier and coarser tests than the carmine or colored species living at the 

 surface or near it. 



