THE CHISMOPNEA (CHIMAEROIDS). 97 
ing slender in the tail. Pectorals large, free. First dorsal near the occiput, short, 
with a strong spine, erectile. Second dorsal short. Anal fin farther back than 
the dorsal, distinct from the subcaudal. Teeth with the tritors receiving the 
impact on the sides instead of the edges. Tritors of palatines and mandibulars 
on the sides of the laminae. Lateral lines tubular. Notochord without rings. 
Hemispheres of the brain nearer to the optic lobes than to the olfactories, con- 
nections slender. Caudal axis slightly raised from the level of that of the body. 
Male with slender simple claspers, appearing as if rolled into a tube, jointed 
near the end; and with a frontal tenaculum and two prepelvic tenacula. 
CALLORYNCHUS. 
Callorynchus Gronovius, 1754, Mus. Ichth., 1, p. 59; 1756, Mus. Ichth., 2, p. 42; 1763, Zooph., 1, p. 
31; Linné, 1756, Systema, ed. 9, p. 42; Cuv., 1817, R. An., 2, p. 140. 
Until other genera are added the characters of the family are those of the 
genus. Body and head somewhat deeper than wide. Vomerine teeth unlike 
those of Chimaera, without the rods, so called. Mandibular and palatine dental 
laminae with one to two tritors each. In young stages, and in some species 
throughout life, the tritors are longitudinal parallel bars on the side of the lamina. 
With age and use in some species the tritors posteriorly expand until contiguous 
tritors of certain pairs meet and fuse to form doubled, u-shaped tritors with the 
prongs extended forward. Because of such changes the identification of species 
either living or fossil by the teeth should be undertaken only with great caution. 
These modifications were described and figured by Garman, 1904, Chismopnea, 
Bull. M. C. Z., 41, p. 256-257, plates 6, 7. A more or less produced lobe on 
the subeaudal fin. Caudal filament moderate to short or absent. Frontal 
tenaculum of male with a wide stem and a broad articulation. 
Tritors two on each palatine tooth, not fused in adults 
Pectoral fins not reaching the ventrals 
Tritors strong, longitudinally parallel bars ‘ ; ‘ smythir 
Tritors on the palatines fusing in adults 
Pectorals reaching beyond mid bases of ventrals 
Tritors with thick unequal prongs, outer shorter 
Origin of first dorsal little behind that of the pectoral 
callorynchus 
Pectorals reaching nearly to mid base of ventrals 
Tritors with long slender pointed prongs, subequal 
Origin of first dorsal forward of ends of pectoral bases 
capensis 
