CRAYFISHES. 379 
Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska, 
into Colorado and Wyoming. To the eastward of Lorain County, Ohio, it 
has hitherto been recorded from only two localities, both in the state of New 
York: in 1891 Mr. Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr., brought me three specimens which he 
found in July of that year in a small stream flowing into Oneida Lake; these were 
recorded by me in 1898 (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 20, p. 654); in 1906 Dr. Ortmann 
(Mem. Carnegie Mus., 2, p. 467) called attention to specimens in the New York 
State Museum which had been taken by Mr. F. C. Paulmier in Rensselaer Lake, 
Rensselaer Co., N. Y. I can now add to the New York stations for this 
species the following:— pond near the mouth of Cattaraugus Creek, and Silver 
Creek, Chautauqua Co. (U.S. N. M. Nos. 22,417, 22,408); Fish Creek, Buffalo, 
Erie Co. (U. 8. N. M. No. 22,418); and Stony Island, at the eastern end of 
Lake Ontario, Jefferson Co. (U.S. N. M. No. 22,409). 
My first knowledge of this species as an inhabitant of Massachusetts was 
obtained when I was walking across the mud-flats at the upper end of Pontoosue 
Lake on the 11th of November, 1899. The numerous mud-towers or ‘‘chim- 
neys”’ here rising above the level of the flat at once betrayed the abode of 
some kind of burrowing crayfish. Although the soil was then frozen so as to 
make exploration difficult, I satisfied myself that the builders of the little mud- 
towers had withdrawn to their brumal retreats in the deeper waters of the Lake, 
leaving behind them only one dead companion, a first-form male C. immunis 
spimrostris (M. C. Z. No. 6,687). Here the matter rested until, during a visit 
to Berkshire in 1911, I ascertained that this crayfish was abundant on the 
12th of August among the water-weeds at the head of Pontoosue Lake. Two 
days later I searched for it at the northern end of Onota Lake in Pittsfield and 
again found it in altogether similar surroundings, albeit in much smaller num- 
bers than in the neighbouring Pontoosue or Lanesborough Pond. 
On the 15th of June, 1912, I again collected this crayfish at the outlet of 
Goodrich’s Pond and in the Housatonie River just above Pomeroy’s Mills, 
in Pittsfield. 
These specimens from Berkshire Co., Mass., agree in most respects with 
the types of C. immunis spinirostris, which were collected in Obion County, 
Tennessee. The rostrum in the Massachusetts examples tapers a little more 
between the base and the ante-apical teeth and, the antennal scales are a little 
shorter in proportion to the length of the rostrum. Compared with the typical 
1 There are two specimens of C. immunis, @ f. II. and 9, in the U.S. National Museum, No. 3,257, 
labelled as coming from Orizaba, Mexico, through Professor Sumichrast. 
