THE AMERICAN BISONS. 7 



from other parts of North America consist of the specimens already men- 

 tioned as obtained from the ice-cliffs of Eschscholtz Bay. These, however, 

 as well as those from California, belong mainly, as will be shown later, 

 to a smaller animal than the remains from which Bison Mifrom was first 

 described. 



In addition to the above there are described in the following paper several 

 fragments of lower jaws and a skull from California, a horn-core from the 

 Tatlo River, Alaska, an imperfect skull, and a metacarpus from the valley 

 of the Yukon, and two entire horn-cores from Adams County, Ohio. The 

 •latter belong to the large species first described by Peale, the others to 

 the smaller extinct bison of Western and Northwestern North America. 



3. — Description of the Extinct Species. 



BISON LATIFRONS (Harlan) Leidy. 



Great Extinct American Bison. 



Bos latifrons Harlan, Fauna Americana, 273, 1825 ; Edinb. New Philos. Journ. XVII, 359, 1834 ; Med. 

 and Pins. Res., 276, 1835; Trans. Geol. Soc. Penna., 1835, 71. — Cooper, Month. Am. Journ. 

 Geol., 1831, 174. — DeKay, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. New York, 1828, 286; New York Faun. Zoo]., 

 Pt. I. 10, 18-12. (Not the Bos latifrons of Fischer, Bull. Soc. Imp. des Nat. de Moscow, 1830, p. 81, 

 based wholly on Siberian specimens.) 



Bison latifrons Leidy, Proc Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1852, 117; 1854, 89, 210, 1867, 85; Mem. Ext. Sp. 

 Amer. Ox, in Smith Contrib., 1852, 8 (pis. i, ii, in part only) ; Wailes's Rep. Agric. and Geol. Mis- 

 sissippi, 286, 1854; Holmes's Post-pliocene Fos. of South Carolina, 109, pi. xvii, figs. 15, 16, 1860 

 (doubtfully referable to B. latifrons) ; Ext. Mam. N. Amer. (Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Soc, 2d 

 Ser., VII), 371, 1869 (in part only) ; Contr. Ext. Vert. Faun. Western Territories, 253, 318, pi. xxviii, 

 figs 4-8, 1873, (in part only). 



Urus priscus Bojanus, Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur., XIII, ii, 427, 1827; Owen, Rep. British Assoc, 

 1843, 232. — Cat. Fos. Mam. etc., Mus. Roy. Col. Surg., 271, 1845 (the American reference only). 



Bos (Bison) priscus Meyer, Palaeologica, 96, 1832. 



Bos priscus Meyer, Nov. Act. Acad. Nat Cur., 141, 1835 (in part only). — Giebel, Fauna der Vorwelt, 

 153, 1847 (in part only). — Rutimeyer, Verhand. Naturf. Gesells. in Berlin, IV, in, 339, 1865 

 (in part only). 



Bos bonasus Lilljeborg,. Fauna bfver Sveriges ocb Norges Ryggradsdjur, I, 877, 1874 (in part only). 



IBos, Couper, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1842, 190, 216. — Owen, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2d 

 Ser., I, 18, 1847. 



Taurus girjas Rafinesque, Enumeration of Remark. Natural Objects, etc., 1831. 



Taurus latifrons Rafinesque, Enumeration of Remark. Nat. Obj., etc., 1831 ; Atlantic Journ., 1 832 - 33, 28. 



? Sus americana Hari.an, Amer. Journ. Sci. & Arts, XLIU, 143, pi. iii, fig. 1, 1842. — Couper, Proc. 

 Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1842, 190, 216. 



