APPENDIX. 229 



period. In his "General Observations on the North American Indians" he 

 refers to their use of buffalo flesh as food, and its skins, horns, wool, and 

 sinews in the manufacture of clothing and utensils, but without specifying 

 by what tribes or at what localities.* Among the tribes mentioned are 

 those that lived north of the Tennessee River, and hence where the buffalo 

 was at that time abundant. In an account of one of his journeys he 

 mentions the killing of buffaloes somewhere, apparently, in the mountains 

 of Northern Georgia,! in 1749, and this is the only allusion in his work 

 that bears directly upon the range of the buffalo. He states also, however, 

 that "the buffaloes are now become scarce, as the thoughtless and wasteful 

 Indians used to kill great numbers of them, only for the tongues and 

 marrow-bones, leaving the rest of the carcase to the wild beasts." t Elk, 

 deer, bears, and turkeys, however, are frequently mentioned as affording a 

 supply of food to the southern tribes of Indians, but in these statements he 

 never alludes to the buffalo. 



Former Abundance of the Buffalo along the Ohio Elver, with Notes respecting the 

 Date of its Extirpation in the State of Ohio. — On pages 106, 107, and 111 evi- 

 dence has already been given respecting the former occurrence of the 

 buffalo in Ohio. In answer to recent inquiries of mine, Mr. George Graham 

 of Cincinnati, well known as a reliable authority on matters relating to the 

 early history of the West, has kindly given me reference to notices of the 

 buffalo as an inhabitant of Ohio in Craig's Olden Time, and also unpublished 

 traditional facts bearing upon the date of its extirpation from that State. 



The "Journal of George Croghan,"§ published in Olden Time,\\ states that 

 buffaloes, bears, turkeys, and other game abounded about the mouth of the 

 "Conhawa," in 17G5, as well as at the mouth of "Bottle River," and also on 

 the prairies bordering the " Ouabache." ^ They were also found and killed 

 by Washington, according to the " Journal of a Tour to the Ohio River in 

 1770," at the mouth of the Kanhawa and also near the " Great Bend " of the 



* See Adair (James), History of North American Indians, pp. 375-450. 



t Ibid., p. 335. 



t Ibid., p. 415. 



§ Not Colonel Croghan of Kentucky. 



|| The Olden Time; a Monthly Publication devoted to the Preservation of Documents and other 

 Authentic Information in relation to the Early Explorations, and the Settlement and Improvement of 

 the Country around the Head of the Ohio. Edited by Neville B. Craig, Esq. Two volumes, small 4to. 

 Pittsburg, 1846-1848. 



H" Oldrn Time, Vol. I, pp. 405, 410, 411. 



