HEPTRANCHIAS PERLO. 21 



separated from the tip by a decided notch. In young the upper edge of the 

 caudal is protected by three series of enlarged, thickened, and broadened scales. 

 Scales small with a sharp median keel and point, at each side of which there is a 

 smaller shorter one. 



Brown with small spots of darker. 



Patagonia; New Zealand; Austraha. 



Heptranchias. 



Heplranchias Rafinesque, 1810, Caratteri, p. 13. 



Body elongate subfusiform, compressed; head tapering forward; snout 

 narrow, produced. Mouth large, cleft long and wide, narrow in front; angle 

 with a rudimentary labial fold, and a deep groove toward the gill opening. 

 Teeth dissimilar, compressed, laterals each with a large primary cusp denticulate 

 on its inner edge and with four or more smaller cusps, increasing in number 

 backward, behind it; a small symphyseal tooth on the lower jaw. Eye large, 

 lateral. Spiracle small, far behind and above the eye. Dorsal small, behind 

 the ventrals. Caudal long. 



Pterygoquadrate closely articulated to the short postorbital process, 

 against the skull ; hyomandibular slender, attached to the skull at a lower level 

 than in either Hexanchus or Notorynchus. 



One living species known. 



Mediterranean; Atlantic; Japan. 



Heptranchias perlo. 



Plate 66, fig. 1 (heart); Plate 58, fig. 1 (intestine). 



Le perlon Broussonet, 1780, Mem. Acad, roy., p. 668. 



Squalus perlo Bonnaterre, 1788, Ichth., p. 10. 



Squalus cinereus Gmelin, 1789, Linn^Syst., 1, p. 1497; Schn., 1801, Bloch Ichth., p. 133; Risso, 1810, 



Ichth. Nice, p. 24. 

 Heptranchias cinereus Rafinesque, 1810, Caratteri, p. 13; Gill, 1861, Ann. N. Y. lye, 7, p. i04 



(name). 

 Monopterinus cinereus Blainv., 1816, Bull. Soc. philom., p. 121 ; 1830, Poiss. Fr., p. 80. 

 Notidanus cinereus Cuv., 1829, Reg. anim., 2, p. 390; Bonaparte, 1841, Icon. Fauna Ital., Pesci; 



GtJNTH., 1870, Cat. fishes Brit, mus., 8, p. 398. 

 Heptanchus cinereus MtJLLER & Henle, 1841, Plagios., p. 81, pi. 35, f. 3; Dumeril, 1865, Elasm., p. 432; 



MoREAu, 1881, Poiss. France, 1, p. 339, f. 57. 

 Heptrancus angio Costa, 1854, Chondr., Squal., p. 5, pi. 13, 14, f . 3. 

 Heptranchias deani Jord. & Starks, 1901, Proc. Cal. acad. sci., ser. 2, 2, p. 348; Jord. & Fowler, 



1903, Proc. U. S. nat. mus., 26, p. 595. 



Body elongate, sUghtly compressed; head short, near one fifth of the total 

 length, narrowed forward, little flattened on the crown; snout narrow, produced. 



