PRISTIURUS. 91 



Pristiurus. 



Galeus Rafinesqub, 1810, Caratteri, p. 13 (non Valmont, 1768). 



Scyliorhinus Blainv., 1816, Bull. Soc. philom., p. 121 part. 



Pristiurus Bonaparte, 1831, Saggio anim. vert., p. 121 (name only); 1841, Icon. Fauna Ital., Pesci. 



Pristidurus Bonaparte, 1839, Mem. Soc. sci. Neuch., 2, p. 11 extr. 



Body cavity less than half the total length. Snout elongate. Anterior 

 nasal valves without cirri, widely separated from one another and from the 

 mouth; posterior short, not extended backward. Eye large, lower lid with a 

 fold. Spiracle small, near the eye. Mouth large, with labial folds on both 

 jaws around the angles. Gill openings small, hindmost above the base of the 

 pectoral. Teeth small, numerous, three to seven cusps, median cusp strongest . 

 Anal and subcaudal rather large; dorsals small. Vertebral axis in the caudal 

 not raised. Upper edge of caudal, in most species, with modified scales above 

 a sensory area. Muscular portions of the pectoral bases closely enveloped by 

 the muscles of the body. P. hassei Woodward is fossil from the Coral Lime- 

 stones. 



Mediterranean and Atlantic, Pacific to Japan and Formosa. 

 Colors on the body not uniform 



marked by longitudinal blotches and spots 



base of the anal three times that of the first dorsal 



base of second dorsal ending little in advance of that of the anal 



melastomus (page 92) 

 marked by faint cross bands 



base of the anal more than twice that of the first dorsal 

 base of second dorsal ending behind that of the anal 



eastmani (page 93) 

 Colors on the body uniform 



marked by black margins on anal and caudal 



base of anal twice the length of that of second dorsal 



base of second dorsal ending backward of that of the anal 



murinus (page 93) 

 marked by black on upper portions of dorsals and caudal 

 base of second dorsal origin little behind mid base of anal 

 base of second dorsal ending behind end of anal base 



sauteri (page 94) 

 markings none 



base of anal two and one seventh times that of second dorsal 

 base of second dorsal ending little before that of anal 



spongiceps (page 94) 



