ECHINORHINUS BRUCUS. 243 



Spiracles small. Two small dorsals, without a spine, above the tail. No anal 

 fin. Dermal armature with scattered tubercles like those of certain Platosomia. 



ECHINORHINUS. 



Echinorhinus Blainv., 1816, Bull. Soc. philom., p. 121. 

 Scymnus Cuv., 1817, Reg. anim., 2, p. 131 (part). 

 Goniodus Agass., 1835, Rech. poiss. foss., 3, pi. E. 



Body longer than the tail, subfusiform. Head depressed; snout tapering, 

 nostrils nearly midway from the mouth. Mouth wide, arched forward, with 

 deep labial folds around the angles. No nictitating membrane. Spiracles 

 minute. Gill openings five, hindmost in front of the pectoral. Two dorsals, 

 close together, behind the middle of the total length, without a spine. Teeth 

 sectorial, smooth-edged, alike in the two jaws, broad, compressed, with cusp 

 directed toward the angles of the mouth, and with a denticle or more at each side 

 of the base. Skin with scattered tubercles or bucklers. Tail short, without 

 caudal pits or lateral folds. Several species occur in the Tertiary. 



Echinorhinus brucus. 



Le boucU Broussonet, 1780, Mem. Acad, roy., p. 672; Lacepede, 1798, Poissons, 1, p. 283, pi. 3, f. 2. 



Squalus brucus Bonnaterre, 1788, Ichth., p. 11. 



Squalus spinosus Gmelin, 1789, Linne Syst., 1, p. 1500; Schneider, 1801, Bloch Ichth., p. 136; Risso, 



1810, Ichth. Nice, p. 42. 

 Echinorhinus spinosus Blainv., 1816, Bull. Soc. philom., p. 121; 1830, Poiss. Fr., p. 66; Strickland, 



1840, Ann. nat. hist., 4, p. 315; Bonaparte, 1841, Icon, fauna Ital., Pesci, pi. 55; MtJLLER & Henle, 



1841, Plagios., p. 96, pi. 60; Hamilton, 1843, Brit, fishes, 2, p. 317; Cocks, 1850, Ann. nat. hist., 

 5, p. 71; Gray, 1851, Chondropterygii, p. 78; Costa, 1857, Fauna Nap., Chondrop., pi. 16, 17; 

 DuMERiL, 1865, Elasm., p. 459; Bocage & Capello, 1866, Plagios., p. 35; Capello, 1870, Jor. 

 Acad. sci. Lisboa, 2, p. 148; Gunth., 1870, Cat. fishes Brit, mus., 8, p. 428; Canestrini, 1872, 

 Ital. pesci, p. 42; Moreau, 1881, Poiss. France, 1, p. 365, f. 64, 65; Perugia, 1881, Pesci Adriatico, 

 p. 57; DoDERLEiN, 1881, Man. ittiol. Medit., 2, p. 104; Jordan & Gilbert, 1882, Bull. 16, U. S. 

 nat. mus., p. 14; Day, 1884, Brit, fishes, 2, p. 323; McCoy, 1887, Zool. Vict., 2, pi. 144; Jord. & 

 EvERM., 1896, Bull. 47, U. S. nat. mus., p. 58; Goode & Bean, 1896, Mem. M. C. Z., 22, p. 7, pi. 3, 

 f. 8. 



Scymnus spinosus Cuv., 1817, Reg. anim., 2, p. 131; Risso, 1826, Hist, nat., 3, Poissons, p. 136; Cloquet, 



1826, Diet., 25, p. 434, pi. 28, f. 2. 

 Spinous shark Yarrell, 1839, Brit, fishes, suppl., p. 54; Couch, 1867, Brit, fishes, 1, p. 54, pi. 12. 

 Echinorhinus obesus A. Smith, 1849, Afr. Pisces, pi. 1. 



Body elongate, slender to massive. Snout short, tapering from the eyes, 

 rounded at the end; nostrils nearer to the mouth than to the end, valve with a 

 pointed lobe in the middle. Mouth crescentic, width greater than length of 

 snout, with labial folds around the angles. Teeth similar in the two jaws, in 

 20 rows, or more, compressed, sectorial, cusp with cutting edge inclined nearly 

 to the horizontal and with one to two notches at each side of the base, one series 

 in function, except about time of renewal, without or with a small erect median 



