310 THE PLAGIOSTOMIA. 



spiracles, or larger, to minute scattered over the upper surfaces. Lower sur- 

 faces white, darker below edges of disk and fins. 



Total length 13 1, length of disk 8, length of body 8f , and width 8| inches. 



South Africa?; Persian Gulf. 



Narcacion fairchildi. 



Torpedo fair cUldi Hector, 1872, Fishes of New Zealand, p. 83, pi. 12, f. 134. 

 Torpedo fusca Parker, 1884, Trans. N. Z. inst., 16, p. 283, pi. 22, f. 1. 



Spiracles not fringed, one diameter behind the eyes. First dorsal above 

 the ventrals, posterior edges of both in a line, size about one and one half times 

 that of second dorsal. Tail shorter than the body. Total length thirty-four 

 inches, width twenty-four. 



Uniform grayish black above, whitish beneath. 



Napier Harbour, North Island, New Zealand, and Austraha. 



Narcacion nobilianus. 

 Plate 25, fig. 2; Plate 61, fig. 4-5. 



Torpedo nobiliana Bonaparte, 1832, Icon. Fauna Ital., Pesci, fasc. 12; Yarrell, 1836, Brit, fishes, 2, p. 



546; Muller & Henle, 1841, Plagios., p. 128; Bvutmh, 1865, Elasm., p. 512. 

 Torpedo walshii Thompson, 1840, Ann. nat. hist., 5, p. 292; 1856, Nat. hist. Ireland, 4, p. 256. 

 Torpedo hebetans Lowe, 1841, Trans. Zool. soc. London, 2, p. 195; Gunth., 1870, Cat. fishes Brit, mus., 



8, p. 449. 

 Torpedo occidentalis Storer, 1843, Amer. journ. sci., 45, p. 165, pi. 3; 1846, Mem. Amer. acad., new ser., 



2, p. 264; 1867, Mass. fishes, p. 271, pi. 39, f. 5; Jordan & Gilbert, 1882, Bull. 16, U. S. nat. mus., 



p. 39. 

 Torpedo nigra Guichenot, 1850, Expl. Alg., p. 131, pi. 8. 

 Tetronarce occidentalis Gill, 1861, Ann. N. Y. lye, 7, p. 387; Jord. & Everm., 1896, Bull. 47, U. S. nat. 



mus., p. 77. 

 Torpedo Couch, 1867, Brit, fishes, 1, pi. 30. 



Disk wider than long, broadly rounded at the sides. Snout short, sub- 

 truncate. Nostrils small, about half as wide as the internarial space; anterior 

 valves confluent, extending to the mouth as an upper hp, outer edges free, with 

 a low process near the outer angle, representing as a rudiment the middle lobe 

 or section as developed in the Discobatidae and the Rhinobatidae; posterior 

 valve with outer section curving forward along the outer side of the nostril and 

 inner section turning back toward the angle of the mouth. Mouth large, 

 crescentic, width greater than length of snout, a longitudinal groove at each 

 angle. Teeth small, broad-based, crown acute on inner margin, in || rows on a 

 twenty-five inch specimen. Eye small. Spiracle larger than the eye, about 

 one diameter behind the orbit, not fringed. Dorsals small, narrow, rounded 

 on the ends; first dorsal with about half its base above the bases of the ventrals; 



