MYLIOBATIS AQUILA. 431 



forehead, narrowing abruptly then tapering gradually, or nearly parallel, 

 rounded behind. Rays of rostral fins at side of head nearly as long as those in 

 front of the snout, making a broad flange connecting rostrals and pectorals. 

 Teeth in the median series three to four times as wide as long, the third row 

 is about two thirds, and the second half as wide as the median, while the teeth 

 in the outer row are as broad as long. Eyes very small ; no horn above the 

 orbit. Spiracle more than three times the length of the e3^e. Dorsal small, 

 rounded above, fin not extended behind the base, distant from the bases of the 

 ventrals three times its length, in front of a serrated spine. Ventrals short, 

 broader than long, angles rounded, hind margin slightly convex. Pectorals 

 little wider than long, not falciform. Narial flap short, broad, little blunted at 

 the angles, fringed at the teeth. Tail more than one and tw^o thirds times the 

 length of the disk. 



Back brown; white below. 



Central America; Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. 



MyLIOBATIS AQUILA. 

 Plate 73, fig. 1. 



Aquila marina Belon, 1553, Aquat., p. 96, fig. 



Aquila Salviani, 1554, Aquat., f. 147, pi. 50; Jonst., 1649, Pise, p. 33, pi. 9, f. 8, 9; Willughby, 1686, 



Pise, p. 64, pi. C. 2. 

 Paslinaca marina Matthioli, 1565, Comment., p. 325. 

 Raia sp. Artedi, 1738, Ichthyologia, Syn., p. 100, Gen., p. 72, no. 5. 

 Rata aquila Linne, 1758, Syst. nat., 1, p. 232; 1766, Syst. nat., 1, p. 396; Bonnaterre, 1788, Ichth., 



p. 4, pi. 4, f. 10; Gmelin, 1789, Linne Syst., 1, p. 1508; Schneider, 1801, Bloch Ichth., p. 360; 



Risso, 1810, Ichth. Nice, p. 9. 

 La mourine Duhamel, 1782, Traite, 4, p. 283, pi. 10. 

 Myliobatis aquilaCvv. 1817, Reg. anim., 2, p. 137; 1829, ibid., p. 401; Risso, 1826, Hist, nat., 3, Pois- 



sons, p. 162; MtJLLER & Henle, 1841, Plagios., p. 176; Lowe, 1844, Fishes Madeira, pi. 15; 



Dumeril, 1865, Ela.sm., p. 634; GtJNTH., 1870, Cat. fishes Brit, mus., 8, p. 489; Moreau, 1881, 



Poiss. France, 1, p. 442; Day, 1884, Brit, fishes, 2, p. 352, pi. 176. 

 Whip ray Yarrell, 1836, Brit, fishes, 2, p. 445; Couch, 1867, Brit, fishes, 1, p. 135, pi. 32. 

 Myliobatis noctula Bonaparte, 1841, Icon. Fauna Ital., Pesci, fig.; Canestrini, 1872, Ital. pesci, p. 60. 

 Paslinaca aquila Gray, 1854, Gron. syst., p. 12. 



Width of disk nearly one half its length, to ends of ventral fins, more than 

 one third of the total length, or length of disk about two thirds of the width, in a 

 specimen about twenty-nine inches in entire length. Snout broadly rounded, 

 tip shghtly produced ; continuation of pectorals along the sides of the head into 

 the rostral fins distinct, with rays as long as the eye or longer, Plate 73, fig. 1. 

 Spiracles large, twice as long as the eyes, hardly visible from directly above. 

 Median upper teeth about four times, and lower about three times as wide as 



