154 Animal Life 
compressed and narrow by reason 
of its constant habit of lying. 
When one examines the “set” of 
its hair in the standing posture 
one feels instinctively that there 
is something wrong, especially on 
the side of the fore-limb, for here 
the hairs lie at right angles to the 
axis of the limb instead of nearly 
parallel with that axis, which is 
the normal direction. The crea- 
ture gives you the kind of 
impression when it stands up that 
a man does who has just awakened 
from sleep and has not had time 
to brush his whiskers and _ hair. y ‘ 
The Great Anteater is indeed one i A ee ed, REH 
of the few out of the myriads of Showing action of gravity upon the hair-streams. 
animal forms that have grown 
grotesque, and this, as in other cases, is mainly from sluggishness of lte—which 
may contain a moral for ourselves. 
The beautiful White-Collared Mangabey recently at the Zoological Society's Gardens 
shows a marked impress of its prevailing attitude. The long silky hair is arranged on 
the side of the trunk, so that the hair-streams belonging to the back and the abdomen 
are parted very definitely, and this arrangement terminates abruptly near the armpit. 
The reason for this is seen at once when the animal is examined as it sits, the upper 
limit being formed by the acutely-flexed knee-joint, and the wide space occupied by the 
parting being produced by the constant pressure of the lower limb against the trunk im 
the habitual attitude of sitting. 
The familiar Fox-Terrier presents points of interest, for it shows on two regions 
of its hairy coat definite marks of two most favourite attitudes. One cannot but ask 
why the hair on the under or posterior surface of the fore-limb should slope upwards 
to the trunk when the normal direction is from shoulder to digit, and why on the 
front surface the normal direction is maimtained. Surely the answer comes from 
observation of the way in which this and most other carnivores lie with their 
fore-lmbs planted out in front of their chest and not doubled up lke those of an 
ox. The abnormal slope has thus at once a mechanical explanation. The fox-terrier 
also shows on the gluteal region a clear-cut whorl or reversed area of hair over the 
tuberosity of the ischium, thus proclaiming the frequency of the habit of sitting, 
which we also know by observation to be characteristic of this animal. No animal 
shows this patch of hair thus reversed unless it sits much. The callosities so 
common in monkeys on this part of the body are strictly analogous. No ungulate 
has it, for no ungulate sits. 
The Fallow Deer (Cervus dama) of our country exhibits two marks of its very 
constant habits. One of these consists in a remarkable reversal of the slope of the 
hair which starts in a whorl just in front of the withers, and from this point to 
about the level of the external ears the hairs of the neck point forwards in a feather- 
shaped arrangement. There is thus produced along the whole of the dorsal surface 
of the neck a marked exception to the general and common slope of hair on an 
animal’s body, viz. from head to tail. This central whorl, from which a feathering 
proceeds against the general stream of hair, is not peculiar to the fallow deer, but is 
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