6 ALTRICIAL GRALLATORES — HERODIOXES. 



B. Tibirr and border of the ving n-hite. 



4. A. cinerea. Pileum and occipital plumes black ; forehead and centre of crown white (as 



in A. herodias). Neck cinereous. Culraen, 4.80 ; tarsus, 6.00-6.25 ; wing, 18.50. Hab. 



Europe, etc. Accidental in Southern Greenland. 

 [5. A. cocoi.i] Entire pileum (including forehead, etc.) and occipital plumes black. Neck 



white. Culmen, 5.85-6.75 ; tarsus, 7.20-8.00 ; wing, 18.50-19.50. /faft. South America. 



Ardea occidentalis. 



THE GREAT WHITE HERON ; WURDEMANN'S HERON. 



a. White phase. 



Ardea occidentalis, AuD. Oru. Biog. III. 1835, 542; V. 1839, 596; Synop. 1839, 264; B. Am. VI. 



1843, 110, pi. 308. — CouES, Key, 1872, 267 ; Check List, 1873, no. 451 ; 2d ed. 1882, no. 656.— 



ScL. & S.VLV. Nom. Neotr. 1873, 125. — Ridgw. Bull. U. S. Geol. & Geog. Survey Terr. IV. no. 1, 



1878, 227 (critical). — EiDGW. Nom. N. Am. B. ISSl, no. 486. 

 Audubonia occidental^, BoxAP. Consp. II. 1S55, 113. — Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 670; Cat. N. Am. 



B. 1859, no. 489. 



b. Colored phase. 



Ardea U'ilrdemannii, Baird, B. N. Am. 1858, 669 ; ed. 1860, pi. 86 ; Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, no. 488. 



— CouES, Key, 1872, 267 ; Check List, 1873, no. 450. 



Hab. The "Austroriparian" region^ of eastern North America, from Florida to Southern 

 Illinois (Wabash River) ; Jamaica. 



Sp. Char. (a. Jfliite j}hase, = occidentalis, Avd.). Adult: Entire plumage pure white. "Bill 

 yellow, the upper mandilile dusky green at the ba.se ; loral space yellowish-green ; orbital space 

 light blue ; iris bright yellow. Tibia and hind part of tarsus yellow ; fore part of tibia [tarsus ?] 

 olivaceous ; sides of latter greenish yellow ; claws light brown" (Audubon, I. c.).^ Young : Simi- 

 lar in color to the adult, but destitute pf any plumes. 



1 Ardea cocoi, Linn. 



Ardea cocoi, Linn. S. N. I, 1766, 237. — Bonap. Consp. II. 1855, 110. —Gray, Hand-list, III. 1871, 

 27, no. 10103. —ScL. & Salv. Nom. Neotr. 1873, 125. — Boucaed, Cat. Av. 1876, 49, no. 1372. 



— KiDGW. Bull. U. S. Geol. k Geog. Survey Terr. IV. no. 1, 1878, 244 (critical). 

 Ardea fuscieollis, Vieill. Nouv. Diet. XIV. 1817, 410. 



Ardea soco, Vieill. t. c. 423 (ex Lath.). 



1. Ardea major, Fkaser, P. Z S. 1843, 116 (Cluli). 



Ardea plianbca, Merhem. Ersch. Gruber's Encycl. V. 1820, 177. — Eeicuenow, J. F. 0. 1877, 264. 



Ardea maguari, Si'ix, Av. Bras. II. 1825, 171. 



Ardea jjalliata, "Illig." Wagl. Syst. Av. 1827, Ardea sp. 2. 



2 From the fact of this species having been observed at Mount Carmel, Illinois, on several occasions, it 

 is inferred that its I'ange may comprehend the Austroriparian region, or Loiiisianian fauna in general, 

 although probably nowhere common, except in parts of Florida. 



' The following measurements are given by Audubon : — 



(J : "Length to end of taU, 54 inches ; to end of wings, 54 ; to end of claws, 70 ; extent of wings, 83; 



