130 



PRiECOCIAL GRALLATORES — LIMICOLvE. 



Vanellus capella. 



THE LAPWING. 



Trimja vandlus, Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 175S, 148 ; ed. 12, 1760, 248. 



Charadrms vanellus, Waul. Syst. Av. 1827, uo. 47. — Naum. Yog. Deutschl. IX. 1838, 269, pi. 179. 



Vandlus capdla, Schaeff. Orn. Mus. 1789, 49. — Stejn. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 4, 1882, 35. 



Vanellus vulgaris, Bechst. Orn. Taschenb. II. 1803, 313. 



Vandlus cristatus, Meybu, Vog. Deutschl. I. 1810, 10. — Macgill, Man. II. 55. — Keys. & Blas. 



Wirb. Eur. 69. —Gray, Gen. B. II. 541 ; Cat. Brit. B. 1863, 137. —Gould, Birds Eur. pi. 291. 



— RiDOW. Norn. N. Am. B. 1881, no. 512. — CouEs, Check List, 2d ed. 1882, no. 593. 

 Vanellus gavia. Leach, Syst. Cat. 1816, 29. — Steph. Gen. Zool. XI. 509, pi. 38. 

 Vandlus hicornis, Brrhm, Viig. Deutschl. 557. 

 The Peewit, or Lapwing, Yam:. Brit. B. ed. 2, II. 481, fig. ; ed. 3, II. 515, fig. 



V. capdla. 



Hab. Entire Pala;arctic region ; occasional in Arctic America (Greenland, " Reinhakdt, 

 Ibis, 18G1, 9 ; " islands in Norton Sound, Alaska, Ball & Bannister, Trans. Chicago Acad. I. 

 1869, 293). 



Adult, ireedinij-pluinage : Pileum, crest, fore-part of the lores and malar region, chin, throat 

 and entire breast, blue-black, faintly glossy- Side of the head and neck white, the nape ashy. 



Back, scapulars, and tertials, metallic bottle-green, changing to coppery purple on the outer scapu- 

 lars ; wing-coverts dark purplish blue, changing to greenish, becoming decidedly green on the 



