ANATID.E — THE SWAXS — OLOR. 423 



1. Cygnus (Linn.), 1758. 



b^. The yellow color at the base of the bill not extending to the nostrils. 



c.i Smaller: Total len','tli about 1,150mm; middle toe with claw about 125mm; the 

 yellow spot at the base of the l^ill making at least one third of the surface of the bill 

 and lores. 



2. Bewickii (Yaku.), 1830. 



c*. Larger: Total length about 1,400 mm; middle toe with claw about 140 mm ; the 

 yellow spot at the base of the bill making, at most, one fifteenth of the surface of tlie 

 bill and lores, 



',i. Columbiauus (Oud.), 1815. 



a-. The distance from the anterior angle of the eye to the hind border of the nostrils equal to the 

 distance from the latter to the tip of the bill. 



4. Buccinator (Rich.), 1831." 



The North American species of Olor may be readily distinguished by the following characters : — 



1. O. columbiauus. Tail-feathers usually 20 ; bill not longer than tlie head, the anterior end 



of the nostrils consideralily anterior to the middle of the maxilla ; naked loral skin usually 

 with a yellow oblong spot. 



2. O. buccinator. Tail-feathers usually 24 ; bill longer than the head, the anterior end of 



the nostrils reaching to about the middle of the maxilla ; naked loral skin entirely black. 

 Size considerably larger. 

 Through a ndsconception of statements made on p. 465 of the " Fauna Boreali- Americana," Vol. 

 II., the author of a "Nomenclature of North American Birds" (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 21) 

 included Bewick's Swan in the North American fauna. In this, however, it seems that he was 

 in error, as pointed out on pp. 210 and 211 of Dr. Stejneger's Monograph, before referred to. In 

 view, however, of the possibility that this species may yet be found within our limits, we quote 

 below, from Dr. Stejneger's paper, its chief synonymy and princijial characters : — 



" Olor Bewickii, Yarr. (Bewick's Swan)." 



" DiAGN. The distance from the anterior angle of the eye to the hind border of the nostrils is 

 much longer than the distance from the latter to the tip of the bill ; the yellow color at the base 

 of the bill does not extend to the nostrils, making at least one third of the surface of the bill and 

 lores. Smaller : Total length about 1150 mm ; middle toe with claw about 125 mm." 



.Syn. — 1830. — Cijijnus Bewickii, Yarrell, Traus. Linn. Soc. XVI. p. 453 (nee Rich. 1831 quse 0. 



cohimbiamis, Oiin). 

 1838. — Ci/gnus islandicus, Naum., AViegm. Archiv IV. 1838, p. 364 (uec Breh.m, 1830, quae 



Olor cygnus, LiNX. ). 

 1838. — Ci/gnus Berwickii, Eyton, Monogi-. Anat. PI. 18 (en: typ.). 

 1840. — Cygnus minor, Keys. & Blas. Wirlielth. Europ. p. LXXXII. 

 1842. — Cygnus melanorhinm, Naum. Vog. Deutschl. XI. p. 497. 

 1351. — Cygnus musicus, Kj^erboll. Orn. Dan. PI. XLIV. (nee Bechst. quK 0. cygnus, 



Linn.). 

 \ii5i. — Cygnus americanus, Hartl. Nauniannia, 1864, p. 327 (nee Sharpl. quse columhianus, 



Ord). 

 1856. — ' Cygnus Altumi, Hometer,' Bp. Cat. Parzud., p. 15. 

 1866. — ' Cygnus AUumii, Badeker,' .Schlegel, Mus. P. B. VI. Ansercs, p. 82. 

 1880. — Cygnus Bewicki, Dresser, Birds of Eur. pt. lxxvii.-lxxix." 



Olor cygnus. 



THE HOOPEK SWAN. 



Anas cygnus, Linn. .S. N. ed. 10, 1. 1758, 122 ; ed. 12, I. 1766, 194. 



Olor cygnus, "BoNAP." Ridgw. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 3, 1880, 202, 222 ; Nom. N. Am. B. 

 1881, no. 586. — Stejn. Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. 5, 1882, 198. 



