210 LONG-WINGED SWIMMERS — LONGIPENNES. 



d. Mantle some shade of bluish gray ; primaries marked with black and white at and near 

 the ends. 



8. L. occidentalis. Mantle deep plumbeous. Wing, 15.25-17.00 inches ; culmen, 2.00- 



2.35 ; depth of bill at angle, .85-95 ; tarsus, 2.45-2.65 ; middle toe, 2.00-2.45. Bill 

 deep yellow, the mandible with a red subterminal spot ; e^^elids red ; iris brown ; legs 

 and feet pale flesh-color.^ JIab. Pacific coast of North America. 



9. L. affinis. Mantle deep plumbeous. Wing, 16.60-17.20 inches; culmen, 1.92-2.10; depth 



of bill through angle, .76 ; tarsus, 2.24-2.50 ; middle tovj with claw, 2.24. Bill yellow, 

 with a red spot near the end of the mandible and a red tinge to the maxilla in front of 

 the nostril ; iris yellow ; eyelids orange-red or vermilion ; legs and feet yellow.^ Hub. 

 Northern part of Paloearctic Region ; Greenland. 



10. L. argentatus. Wing, 15.75-17.50 inches ; culmen, 1.95-2.50 ; depth of bill through 

 angle, .70-85 ; tarsus, 2.30-2.80 ; middle toe, 1.85-2.25. Mantle pale pearl-blue. Bill 

 deep yellow, the mandible with red subterminal spot ; eyelids yellowish ; iris silvery 

 white or pale yellow ; legs and feet flesh-color. Hab. North America in general, but 

 rare on the Pacific coast ; Europe. 



11. L. cachinnans. Mantle deep cinereous-blue. Wing, 15.15-18.30 inches ; culmen, 1.90- 

 2.20; depth of bill through angle, .60-.80 ; tar.sus, 2.15-2.50; middle toe, 1.60-2.15. 

 Bill deep yellow, the mandible with a red subterminal spot ; eyelids orange-red ; iris 

 pale yellow ; legs and feet bright yellow. Hab. Northern Asia and North Pacific coast 

 of North America, south, in winter, to California. 



12. L. californicus. Mantle deep cinereous-blue (precisely as in L. cachinnans). Wing, 

 15.00-16 75 inches; culmen, 1.65-2.15; depth of bill through angle, .60-75; tarsus, 

 2.00-2.60 ; middle toe, 1.70-1.95. Bill deep yellow, the mandible with a red sub- 

 terminal spot enclosing a dusky one, with a corresponding dusky spot near end of the 

 maxilla ; eyelids vermilion-red ; iris deep brown ; legs and feet pale grayish pea- 

 green. Hab. Western North America, from Western Mexico to Alaska (interior waters 

 chiefly). 



13. L. delavrarensis. Mantle pale pearl-blue (much as in L. argentatus). Wing, 13.60- 

 15.75 inches ; culmen, 1.55-1.75 ; depth of bill through angle, .50-.65 ; tarsus, 1.90- 

 2.45 ; middle toe, 1.30-1.60. Bill greenish yellow, crossed near the end by a black- 

 ish band, the tip sometimes tinged with orange ; eyelids vermilion-red ; iris clear pale 

 yellow ; legs and feet pale yellow, sometimes tinged with greenish. Hab. North America 

 in general. 



14. L. brachyrhynchus. Mantle pale ashy blue (intermediate in shade between L. argen- 

 tatus and L. californicus). Wing, 13.20-14.50 inches ; culmen, 1.25-1.70 ; depth of bill 

 through angle, .40-. 50 ; tarsus, 1.70-2.10 ; middle toe, 1.30-1.55. Bill yellowish green, 

 somewhat glaucous, the tip and cutting edges yellow ; eyelids orange-yellow ; iris brown ; 

 legs and feet blui-sh green, the webs yellowish. Hab. Interior of Arctic America ; Pacific 

 coast, south to Washington Territory. 



15. L. canus. Mantle pale ashy blue (as in L. 6racA,?/r/ii/nc^Ms). Wing, 13.90-14.50 inches; 

 culmen, 1.35-1.60 ; depth of bill through angle, .45-50 ; tarsus, 1.90-2.25 ; middle toe, 

 1.35-1.45. Bill greenish olivaceous (in the dried skin), the terminal third yellow; eye- 

 lids vermilion-red ; iris grayish brown ; legs and feet yellowish green. Hab. Palaearctic 

 region ; casual in Labrador. 



B. Adult with the lower parts plumbeous or dusky, like the upper ; tail wholly or chiefly black or 

 dusky; bill red. (Blasipus, BoNAP.) 



16. L. Heermanni. Adult: Ash-gray below, and plumbeous-slate above; head white in 

 summer, dusky in winter. Secondaries broadly tipped with white ; tail dusky black, 

 tipped with white ; bill red, usually tipped with black ; eyelids red ; legs and feet black. 

 Young: Sooty grayish brown, the feathers of the upper parts bordered with grayisli 



1 An adult obtained by Mr. L. Belding at La Paz, Lower California, in February, appears to liave had 

 blight yellow legs and feet ! 



2 We are unfortunately not able to give a satisfactory diagnosis of this form, which is admitted by 

 good authorities to be a quite distinct species. 



