3i8 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 



E. Problems of Society. 



Lecture XVII. 

 Population Problems. 



Bases of the population problem : quantitative and qualitative. Human 

 fecundity. Regulation of numbers : under-, optimum- and over-popula- 

 tion. Biological and social significance of changing birth-rates and 

 differential reproduction. The causes and control of population trends. 

 Problems of to-day and to-morrow. 



References : 6, 12, 13, 40, 48. 



Lecture XVIII. 

 Eugenics. 



What is Eugenics ? The biological basis. Elimination of the less fit 

 and multiplication of the more fit : criteria of fitness : methods of elimina- 

 tion. Biological and social values. Eugenics and the family. Eugenics 

 in race and state. Race deterioration and revolutions of civilisation. 

 Science and propaganda. The position to-day and some possibilities of 

 to-morrow. 



References : 7, 15, 16, 23, 40, 42, 51, 57, 60, 61, 69, 76. 



Lecture XIX. 

 War and Peace. 



Human history and the evolution of war. . War and human instincts, 

 war and the struggle for life, war and selection. The biology of war : 

 primitive warfare, 1914-18, to-day, to-morrow. The causes of war : some 

 neglected aspects. Pacifism. Data and propaganda. Directions of 

 research. 



References : 28, 29, 35, 54, 76. 



Lecture XX. 

 Educational and Cultural Values. 



The meaning of education and culture. The development and present 

 state of world civilisation ; factors of race, of disease, of science. Political, 

 economic, cultural, and scientific history. Intelligence and character in 

 individuals, classes, races. The idea of progress : biological and sociological 

 values. Liberty, equality and fraternity. Conditions of a permanent 

 civilisation and of a progressive one. 



References : i, 9, n, I9> 23, 26, 27, 28, 30, 35, 37, 38, 40, 41, 46, 50, 51, 

 52, 58, 59. 69, 70, 74, 76, 79, 81, 82. 



F. Problems of Food. 



Lecture XXI. 

 Food Supplies. 



Sources of raw materials and food supplies : quantity and quality. 

 Population density and food supply. Malthus. Biological, economic and 

 social values in agriculture, horticulture and fisheries. Famines and glutted 

 markets : the pinch of plenty. Problems of to-day and to-morrow. 



References : 6, 12, 27, 31, 52, 63, 65, 66, 72, 77, 79. 



Lecture XXII. 

 Transport and Storage of Food. 



Food supply and distribution in relation to population densities and 

 changes. Importance of transport and storage. The biological problems 

 involved : modern achievements and research. 



References : 12, 27, 31, 52, 56, 63, 65, 66, 72, 77, 79. 



