382 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— F. 



have been established in certain areas where there is a shortage of suitable 

 lodgings accommodation. Centres and summer camps have been opened 

 to fit boys for transfer. Also, boys are trained for work on the land and sea, 

 and boj's and girls for Vi^ork in hotels and private domestic service. Whole 

 families may be assisted to move to areas where one or more of the younger 

 members have secured employment. 



A proportion of the adults and juveniles transferred inevitably return to 

 their home areas, but very few families return, and the large and increasing 

 number of families assisted to remove from the depressed areas represents 

 a substantial contribution towards the solution of the problem they present. 



Mr. S. R. Dennison (10.30). 



Dr. O. A. Oeser. — Psychological and sociological aspects of labour 

 transference (ii.o). 



Various public and private bodies are interested in the transfer of workers 

 from distressed areas. In some places difficulties are met in persuading 

 the workers to move, or to remain. It may, therefore, be instructive to 

 consider some of the psychological and sociological problems involved in 

 transfer. These are considered under three heads : 



1 . The totidition of the material available for transfer. 



(a) Highly-skilled workers can more easily be transferred (provided they 

 go to jobs for which their training is adequate) because : 



(i) Transfer from jobs of higher to those of lower skill is easier 



than the reverse — e.g. flax to jute, jute to canning, 

 (ii) Such workers frequently have a tradition of emigration, e.g to 



set up new machinery or factories in India, U.S.A., etc. 

 (iii) They have a higher intelligence level and a wider knowledge, 

 training and flexibility. 



(b) Unskilled labour is less flexible and on the economic level at which 

 a family head gets more assistance than he could earn at present wage 

 rates. 



(c) The type of educational system must be considered. Is it such as to 

 make retraining (i.e. more learning) seem desirable to the worker. 



2. The social and economic conditions of the areas between which transfer is 



to be made. 



(a) People can be moved from areas of lower to those of higher standards 

 of living, e.g. Polish and Irish immigrations into Dundee. 



(6) ' Local patriotism ' and reluctance to move : Scotland and ' The 

 South.' 



(c) Traditions and subjective social status of occupations may act as 

 blocks to incentive. Jute weaving v. spinning. 



(d) Areas having emigration pattern (Highlands, Cornwall) compared 

 with those having immigration tradition (Dundee). 



3. Condition and state of industries in the area compared with those of Great 



Britain as a whole. 



(a) State of jute industry and the growth of new social patterns among 



the unemployed. 

 {b) An analysis of job changes in Dundee and the question of labour 



mobility between occupations, 

 (c) Technological unemployment. 



