398 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— H. 



Somewhat lower under the same layer was found a fragment of a skull and 

 a third skull which lay about a metre from a tree ; a part of this tree has 

 been sent to the Institut de Pal^ontologie Humaine at Paris for determination. 

 In the fourth layer of gravel were found tusks of Rhinoceros tichorhinus, 

 molars and humerus of Elephas primigenius and Bos primigenius , parts of 

 the heads of Cervus megaceros and Sus scrofa. 



The determination of the bones was done by Prof. Abb6 H. Breuil, 

 Prof. Vaufrey, Dr. Tindell Hopwood, and somewhat later by Prof. Dr. G. 

 Hasse. 



Afternoon. 



Prof. W. W. Jervis and Mr. S. J. Jones. — An anthropometric survey of 

 Somerset (2.15). 



The area investigated lies between rivers Avon and Parret, including the 

 Mendips, the Poldens and the moors drained by the Kenn, Yeo, Axe, Brue 

 and Parret : 73 villages have been studied and 400 adults have been measured. 

 Relevant data from the Beddoe MSS. in the University of Bristol Library 

 have been used for comparative purposes. 



The graph of stature for men shows a peak of 5 ft. 6 in. (17-65 per cent.) 

 and a secondary peak of 5 ft. 4 in. (10 08 per cent.) ; that for women has 

 two equal peaks (16-67 per cent.) at 5 ft. 2 in. and 5 ft. 4 in. Short stature 

 and a considerable degree of pigmentation (hair and eyes) seem more closely 

 associated in women than in men. 



Of the total cases, 43-5 per cent, have brown hair, 30-5 per cent, dark 

 brown and black hair, and 26 per cent, light hair (lighter than brown). 

 In this respect there are no marked differences between the sexes ; thus 

 29-7 per cent, of the men and 32-5 per cent, of the women have dark hair 

 (including brown). Contrasted with this, 26-4 per cent, of the men and 

 43-4 per cent, of the women have well pigmented eyes (hazel, brown). 

 This may support the view that eye pigment changes more slowly than hair 

 pigment. 



The head index graph for the whole group shows one peak at 77 (18 "29 

 per cent.) and a secondary peak at 80 (13-57 per cent.). 67-5 per cent, of 

 the cases lie between these figures (inclusive). In the dark groups (brown- 

 black hair, pigmented eyes) 19-5 per cent, of the women and only 8-6 per 

 cent, of the men are dolichocephalic. In the fair group (hair Hghter than 

 brown, unpigmented eyes) 48 • i per cent, of the women have a head index 

 of 80 or over. With this is associated a marked tendency towards narrow 

 jaws or a ' pinching in ' of the lower part of the face, throwing into higher 

 relief the cheek bones and zygomatic arches. 



These and other results are discussed in the paper. 



Dr. G. M. MoRANT. — The Anglo-Saxon population of England (2.50). 



The best descriptive material available relating to the Anglo-Saxon people 

 consists of measurements and cranial tracings of skeletons preserved in a 

 number of English museums. In recent years these have been treated in 

 papers by Morant (1926), Parsons (1928), Brash, Layard and Young (1935) 

 and Miinter (1936). The last deals with lengths of the long bones only, 

 and the present communication presents the chief results of a survey of 

 additional crania carried out by the same writer. Including the earlier 

 records, it deals with the measurements of nearly 700 adult skulls and the 

 contours of 300. Topics discussed are a comparison of the measurements 

 taken by different observers, constants for different sub-groups of the total 

 sample, sexual comparisons, and the variabilities of regional sub-groups 



