102 SCIENTIFIC SURVEY OF NOTTINGHAM AND DISTRICT 



V. 



SCIENTISTS OF NOTTINGHAM 

 AND DISTRICT 



BY 



Professor H. H. SWINNERTON, D.Sc, and D. N. LOWE, M.A., B.Sc. 



Of the following scientific men who, during the course of the past 300 

 years, have materially contributed to the advancement of scientific know- 

 ledge, the majority were born in one or other of the counties Nottingham- 

 shire, Derbyshire and Lincolnshire. The rest either had close family 

 connections with, or were long resident in the district. 



Abney, Sir Wm. De Wiveleslie, C.B., Kt., F.R.S. (1843-1920), 

 b. Derby. His scientific work was mainly connected with photographic 

 chemistry and colour printing. Elected F.R.S. in 1876, he was president 

 of the Royal Astronomical Society and of the Physical Society. Assistant 

 secretary to the Board of Education (1899), he was adviser to its science 

 department. He was a member of the Advisory Council for education 

 to the War Office (1903). C.B., 1876; Kt. 1904. He had a long and 

 eminent connection with the British Association. 



ARDERNfE, John (?). He was the first Englishman to show much skill 

 in surgery, and he practised in the time of Edward III. It is not known 

 where he was born or died, but he records in one of his own manuscripts 

 that he lived at Newark from 1349 to 1370. He wrote on surgery and 

 what was then known of medicine, and his reputation is said to have 

 been great for at least two centuries. 



Arkwright, Sir Richard (1732-1792), b. Preston, Lanes. He worked 

 in early life as a barber, but with the gradual disuse of wigs turned to 

 invention. He began work on the design of a spinning frame about 1767, 

 and settled at Nottingham in 1768 where he erected his first spinning mill. 

 He entered into partnership with Jedidiah Strutt (^.v.) and Samuel Need 

 and established a larger factory at Cromford, Derbyshire in 1771. He 

 was long involved in litigation with rival manufacturers who contested 

 his patents, and encountered opposition from workpeople who were 

 alarmed by his labour-saving machinery. He was knighted in 1786. 

 d. Cromford. 



Banks, Sir Joseph, F.R.S. (1743-1820), b. London, son of Wm. Banks 

 of Revesby Abbey, Lincolnshire. Educated at Harrow, Eton and Oxford, 

 he soon became outstanding for his attainments in botany and natural 

 history. He accompanied Captain Cook in the Endeavour on his voyage 

 of exploration in the Antipodes (1768-71) and made many important 



