340 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE, ETC. 
* The presence of reindeer in the Middle Zone was previously indicated 
by only one fragment of antler, occurring near the bottom of the zone. 
A further fragment of antler and two teeth have been recovered from the 
middle and near the base of the zone respectively. 
‘The work carried out in 1934-35 has been made possible through a 
grant from the Derbyshire Archeological Society, generously provided for 
the specific purpose of completing the Pin Hole excavations ; which is 
gratefully acknowledged. Other work has been financed privately. 
‘The Boat House Cave-—Through lack of funds, it has unfortunately 
been impossible to take advantage of the opportunity available for the 
examination of this promising cave. A considerable amount of ‘‘ dead ”’ 
work is necessary there before the relic bed can be reached: in order to 
remove the material of the lake embankment, which at present occupies the 
front of the cave and blankets the deposits to a depth of 6 ft. For this work 
the employment of additional labour is imperative and it will be necessary 
to return the material and re-form the bank, on completion. 
“A grant of £25 is, therefore, earnestly requested for the initiation of 
this new work.’ 
SUMERIAN COPPER. 
Sixth Interim Report of Committee appointed to report on the probable 
sources of the supply of Copper used by the Sumerians (Mr. H. J. E. 
PEAKE, Chairman; Dr. C. H. Descu, F.R.S., Secretary; Mr. H. 
Batrour, F.R.S., Mr. L. H. DupLey Buxton, Prof. V. Gorpon 
CHILDE, Mr. O. DAVIES, Prof. H. J. FLEurE, Sir PEE PETRIE, 
F.R.S., Dr. A. RAISTRICK, De. Roe. RAsTALL). 
(REPORT BY THE SECRETARY.) 
A SHORT report was submitted to the Committee at the Aberdeen meeting 
of the Association, but was not ready in time for printing on account of 
the late arrival of specimens. The matters contained in it have therefore 
been incorporated into the present report, which thus covers the work of 
two years. A much larger number of specimens has been received during 
the past twelve months. Mr. W. H. Withey has performed many of the 
analyses, whilst Miss I. H. Hadfield has used the methods of micro-chemical 
analysis for objects of which only a very small quantity of drillings was 
available. Museum curators may be interested to know that a full quanti- 
tative analysis of a copper or bronze object can be made on one-twentieth of 
a gramme of material, so that a sufficient quantity of drillings may be 
obtained from a very small drilled hole on the under side of an object. 
In the earlier reports, many of the specimens were indicated only by 
British Museum numbers, sometimes with the addition of ‘ early ’ or ‘ late.’ 
In the full publication of Sir Leonard Woolley’s results from Ur,! the 
analyses carried out by the Committee, with a few additions, are tabulated 
in chronological order by Dr. Plenderleith. It thus appears that the single 
object of the al ’Ubaid period so far found is of nearly pure copper ; that of 
eleven objects from the Royal cemetery, nine are bronze, whilst two contain 
only small proportions of tin, that both copper and bronze occur in the 
Sumerian period, but that objects of the Sargonid period are either of 
copper or contain a very small proportion of tin. A bar of copper is 
described as of the ‘ Sumerian revival, c. 2500 B.c.’ 
1 Ur Excavations. II. The Royal Cemetery, 1934. 
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