378 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.—C. 
Oxford Clay at Ridgeway cutting is a slice severed from the downthrow 
face of the Ridgeway Fault at the point where the intra-Cretaceous and 
Tertiary faults nearly coincide. The throws of the faults at Ridgeway and 
Bincombe need not be nearly so great as has been supposed. 
Mr. N. E. Opett—The structure of the Franz fosef region of north-east 
Greenland (11.0). 
Recent work by British and Danish expeditions has shown the existence 
of Caledonian, Hercynian, and Tertiary orogenies in North-East Greenland. 
During the Boyd Expedition of 1933, evidence was found in the western 
part of the Caledonian belt, north of Petermann Peak, of (a) stratigraphical 
continuity of succession from the lower grade, Petermann Series (Wordie), 
into the higher grade types of the Central Metamorphic Complex (Parkinson 
and Whittard) ; (6) the Metamorphic Complex, having mainly acquired 
its condition dynamically during, and in part prior to, Caledonian orogeny, 
and not thermally on account of wholesale granite intrusion or syntexis 
(Backlund) ; (c) the local granites occurring as sheet-intrusions and not 
batholiths (Whittard et al.), and being involved in the Caledonian folding ; 
(d) overfolding and not merely tilting of the Petermann Series ; (e) highly 
probable equivalence of the Petermann Series and the Eleonore Bay 
Formation (Koch), or Franz Josef Beds (Wordie). 
In western Ymer Island and the neighbourhood block-movements, and 
some minor local thrustings, appear in part to be post-Caledonian, and 
probably Hercynian, in age. 
The Giesecke Mountains are an inclined Tertiary block composed mainly 
of Upper Palzozoic and Mesozoic strata, while their northern end is 
supposedly of Kainozoic rocks. ‘They are extensively intruded by basalts 
of the latter age, and some acid irruptives of similar, or possibly Hercynian 
age. 
Discussion on Geology in schools (11.30). 
Prof. A. E. TRUEMAN. 
From time to time the suitability of geology as a science subject for 
schools has been advocated, notably by Prof. W. W. Watts, whose 
Presidential Address to Section C, in 1903, dealt comprehensively with the 
functions of geology in education. Those geologist who have opposed 
its introduction into schools have done so chiefly because they feel that 
a student should acquire some knowledge of other sciences before com- 
mencing geology, and because they prefer that geological teaching should 
be commenced at the University : so far as the latter reason is concerned 
it certainly does not affect the case of those who will not proceed to University 
work in Science. 
It seems particularly desirable that such students should gain some 
acquaintance with geology, which is likely to afford a more lasting interest 
to many than corresponding periods spent in chemistry and physics. 
Recently, the tendency to carry school courses to a further stage, associated 
with the development of the Higher School Certificate, has created new 
opportunities for the teaching of science in schools, but it has led to an 
early specialisation which is greatly to be regretted ; the limited choice of 
science subjects in schools, especially in the smaller ones, has given rise 
to a particularly difficult problem. The introduction of geology at this 
stage would be of great value. 
Many educationists are profoundly disturbed by the tendencies in science 
