NORFOLK PREHISTORY 63 
industry is at present available The Palling hand-axe (Savin Collec- 
tion) is probably late Chellian. 
St. ACHEUL-CLACTONIAN. 
The gravels of the Thet and Little Ouse valleys have in the past 
produced enormous numbers of specimens, the high proportion of ovates 
being particularly striking. Hand-axes have been recorded from the 
Yare valley at Cringleford and at Eaton, whilst other single specimens 
have come from Markshall and Great Melton. Isolated finds of 
importance are those from West Runton, Overstrand, Eccles and Gresham 
in the north. 
In 1926 Whitlingham 11 yielded what Prof. Boswell described as 
‘a wonderful series of implements, certainly unique for Britain and 
possibly for Western Europe.’ The 500 artifacts obtained in the 
excavation occurred in gravel which, underlying 8-10 ft. of sandy 
and stony clay, belongs to the terrace deposits laid down by the stream, 
swollen by the melting ice during the glacial retreat. The fresh and 
unrolled condition of most of the implements shows that they cannot 
have been moved to any appreciable extent from the place where they 
were manufactured. The complete find is available for examination in 
Norwich Castle Museum. Of the hand-axes the proportion of flake 
implements to core implements is 68 : 56; some 50 per cent. show 
resolved flaking ; whilst faceting of the butt is very scarce, most of the 
flakes showing the flat striking platform and prominent bulb of the 
Clactonian technique. No animal remains were obtained. 
A year later H. H. Halls discovered at Carrow 1? a similar industry, 
possibly of slightly later date, associated with tusk and teeth of mammoth, 
the implementiferous gravel lying at a somewhat lower level than that at 
Whitlingham, whilst the proportion of flake implements to hand-axes 
was distinctly higher. 
Further to the west, the hand-axes from Massingham and Syderstone, 
like the earlier finds at Tottenhill, South Wootton and Swaftham, are 
derived from the gravels of the Little Eastern glaciation.12 On the whole 
the Norfolk evidence agrees well with that from Hoxne and Foxhall in 
Suffolk in fixing the St. Acheul-Clactonian industries to the post-Chalky 
Boulder Clay interglacial. 
MIppLE PALZOLITHIC. 
Evolved Clactonian industries are represented in and above the gravels 
at Whitlingham, a lustrous grey hand-axe, unstained scraper and some 
of the ‘ points’ (Norwich Castle Museum) being very similar to specimens 
from the High Lodge Brickearth, whilst the decreasing size and resolved 
flaking of many of the hand-axes suggest a post-Acheul date. A hand-axe 
of La Micoque type from Salhouse and the ‘ basket-work’ specimen from 
102 Reid Moir is obtaining specimens of primitive High Lodge type, which 
may prove to be early Acheulean. 
Pope ELo..A., V, i, pp. 170-210, 
BeEPrn.S.2.A., Vil, i, pps 17I—174- 
PPS. A, VILpi, pp. 175-1775 
