344 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— B, C. 



methods adopted on shipboard and on rail or road vehicles are discussed. 

 Various classes of foodstuffs are then considered, and the particular prob- 

 lems arising in their conveyance are outlined, and examples of their successful 

 solution given. 



Finally, the part that transport can play in ensuring an adequate diet is 

 stressed as an example of co-operation between chemist, physicist and 

 engineer in the service of the community. 



Discussion (Sir Josiah Stamp, G.C.B., G.B.E., Prof. H. G. Den- 

 ham, Dr. G. Roche Lynch, O.B.E., Dr. A. J. Smith, and 

 others). 



SECTION C— GEOLOGY. 



Excursion preceding the Meeting. (September 5-9.) 



By the invitation of the Yorkshire Geological Society, members were 

 able to join in an excursion to Ulverston before the meeting. The party 

 numbered about forty. The late Dr. Bernard Smith was to have been 

 one of the directors — his place was taken at short notice by Mr. T. Eastwood. 

 Mr. T. C. Nicholas, Dr. R. G. Hudson, Prof. W. B. R. King and Dr. G. H. 

 Mitchell were the other directors. The excursion included visits to the 

 Duddon Valley, Coniston and Ashgill, Hodbarrow Haematite Mine, 

 Humphrey Head and Arnside, and were uniformly successful and enjoyable. 

 The organisation of the excursion, by the Excursions Secretary of the 

 Society, Dr. Mitchell, was admirable, and the weather conditions, though 

 representative of those normal to the district, were far from unsatisfactory. 



Thursday, September 10. 



Prof. H. H. Read. — Geology of the neighbourhood of Blackpool (10. o). 



Dr. R. G. S. Hudson. — The Lower Carboniferous south of Carnforth. 



An important structure, the Hutton monocline, extends from Priest 

 Hutton to Quernmore and forms a N.-S. belt of vertical rocks, 8 miles 

 long and often about 800 yards wide. The axis of the fold crosses 

 the general strike of the Carboniferous rocks and therefore while in the 

 northern part of the fold the vertical beds are Dj limestone (as at Wegber 

 and Capernwray Quarries), in the southern part of the fold the steeply 

 dipping beds are Bowland Shales and Millstone Grit (as at Kellet Park 

 Wood and Addington Quarries). The Hutton monocline is parallel, and 

 of a similar nature, to the Dent monocline to the east and the Silverdale 

 monocline to the west. 



Near Carnforth and Over Kellet the Carboniferous Limestone is of 

 S,D X age and is bedded limestone of Great Scar (massif) facies. Southwards 

 the bedding disappears and along the line Bolton-le-Sands and Dunald 

 Mill the limestone is of reef facies, and a reef-knoll topography is slightly 

 developed. Transition limestones between Great Scar and Reef facies 

 are exposed in Dunald Mill Quarry, while a small fold at Swantly to the 

 west of the Hutton monocline exposes a knoll of Dj reef-limestone. 

 Farther south a similar inlier at Halton Green exposes D x limestone of 



