432 SECTIONAL TRANSACTIONS.— L. 



travel, photography, the gramophone and wireless bring history, art, music 

 and awareness to the ordinary man. 



None the less science is beginning to take on the aspect of an enemy, 

 frustrating the enjoyment of all the advantages it confers. The acceleration 

 of production has led to over-production and under-employment ; the new 

 technique of war is a menace to civilisation. Science means power ; to 

 whom shall it be entrusted and to what ends shall it be used ? It supplies 

 the greatest of all temptations to the power-mongers. Robot nations are 

 being created by the control of the press and wireless, by the closing of 

 frontiers, by propaganda and education itself. 



Is science to be for the few or for all ? The hope only lies in the universal 

 diffusion of an education based on science, whereby may be built up a habit 

 of mind that will act on reason rather than on mass emotion. Science alone 

 can destroy the great illusion that one belongs to a chosen race, and teach 

 the people that men and women, however diverse individually, are col- 

 lectively very much alike. 



But to education must be added the organisation of scientific opinion. 

 Men of science must leave their ivory tower and join in the common fight 

 for freedom. 



Afternoon. 



Visit to Schools. 



Friday, September 11. 



Presidential Address by Sir Richard Livingstone on The future in 

 education (io.o). 



Discussion on The preschool child (n.o). 



Mrs. M. Wintringham. — Emergency Open-Air Nurseries in the Dis- 

 tressed Areas. 



The growing recognition of the importance of pre-school life has led of 

 recent years to greatly increased interest in the subject of nursery schools 

 all over the country. In the distressed areas in particular, where life is 

 handicapped in every way from start to finish, the importance of caring for 

 the very young is of special moment. Hence the Emergency Open- Air 

 Nursery School movement under the auspices of the ' Save the Children 

 Fund,' which is not only an effort to save the children from the worst 

 effects of the depression, but also one of the most hopeful pieces of 

 community work that has been initiated in our time. The account of the 

 rise and growth of nursery schools in the special areas, their organisation 

 and their results, will form a valuable chapter in the sociological history 

 of the present generation. 



Miss ISHBEL MACDONALD (lI.2o). 



Dr. Susan Isaacs. — Certain aspects of mental development in the pre- 

 school child (11.40). 



(a) The two-year-old child is still very dependent upon a close personal 

 relation with an adult woman. He seeks attention, protection and love from 



