14 SIDNEY POWERS 



and that it is below the horizon of the North Mountain basalt, as 

 shown in Fig. 4. 



Martin Head. — Martin Head is 20 miles northeast of Quaco. 

 The Head itself is composed of a mass of pre-Cambrian strata, 

 100 feet in height, connected to a point of land by a shingle beach 

 (Fig. 9). On the northern side of the Head is some red clay, 

 apparently of Pleistocene age, which may be underlain by Triassic 

 sediments. 



North of the barrier beach are low cliffs of Triassic strata, 

 exposed only on the west side of the peninsula. The bedrock is 

 exposed for half a mile in the form of a syncline, with the longer 



Fig. 9. — Cross-section of the Martin Head Triassic area. Martin Head itself, 

 composed of pre-Cambrian strata, is on the right. Between it and the pre-Cambrian 

 uplands on the northwest are the Triassic sediments. The unconformable contact 

 of the Triassic with the pre-Cambrian on the southeast is hypothetical. 



limb on the south. On the north, the Triassic is faulted against 

 the pre-Cambrian, as shown in Fig. 9. In the southern limb 335 

 feet of sediments are exposed, in the northern limb 85 feet, and 

 between these two limbs there are no exposures. A fault probably 

 exists between the exposures, as the strata do not match on either 

 side of the gap. 



The sediments in the Martin Head area are principally yellow 

 sandstones and shales, with occasional pale-red beds, and transition 

 colors. The yellow is a bright-chrome shade, much brighter than 

 that of the Quaco conglomerate, which is merely that of the common 

 stream gravels. Conglomeratic beds occasionally appear. The 

 sediments are characterized by a notable amount of muscovite 

 and of calcite. The former has evidently been derived from the 

 pre-Cambrian mica schists on the north. 



Lignite occurs at several horizons in the yellow beds, as car- 

 bonized twigs, limbs, and bits of wood, often 2-3 inches in diameter. 

 This lignite has been described by Miss Ruth Holden, 1 and the 



1 Ruth Holden, "Fossil Plants from Eastern Canada," Annals of Botany, XXVII 

 (1913), 243-55. 



