304 REVIEWS 



From the base up, the general sequence of the Cretaceous beds is as 

 follows: basal clays (150 feet), Lloyd sand (85 feet), red clays (200 feet), 

 white sand (100 feet), yellow clay (75 feet), dark clay (75 feet), undiffer- 

 entiated (600 feet), buff clay (100 feet), yellow sand (150 feet), marl 

 (10 feet). The basal clays and Lloyd sand are encountered only in 

 wells. The surface Cretaceous beds are considerably folded (some 

 overturned folds occur) and faulted, while at slight depths they have a 

 gentle, even dip to the southeast. The lower beds are basal Upper 

 Cretaceous. 



There is a possibility that marls (here placed in the Cretaceous) 

 may be Eocene, that the loose yellow quartz sand (here considered 

 Cretaceous) overlying the marls may be Miocene; and that the white 

 or yellow sands (here included in the Cretaceous) that succeed the 

 Cretaceous clays may be of Lafayette age. 



The Pleistocene deposits (with their probable time equivalents in 

 parentheses) are: the glacial Mannetto gravel (pre-Kansan), the glacial 

 Jameco gravel (Kansan), the interglacial Gardiners clay (Yarmouth), 

 the transitional Jacob Sand and the glacial Manhasset formation (both 

 included in the Illinoian), the interglacial Vineyard formation (Sanga- 

 mon?, Iowan?, and Peorian?), the glacial Ronkonkoma and Harbor 

 Hill moraines with associated till and outwash (all embraced in the 

 early Wisconsin). Great periods of erosion occurred in post-Mannetto 

 (Af tonian ?) and Vineyard (Sangamon ?, Iowan ?, and Peorian ?) times. 

 Two ice erosion unconformities are present in the Manhasset formation, 

 which separate the Montauk till from the Herod gravel below and the 

 Hempstead gravel above. The various Pleistocene deposits are dis- 

 cussed in detail. 



Stream, marine, wind, and marsh deposits constitute the Recent 

 series. 



A summary, in tabular form, is given of the principal points of 

 geologic interest on Long Island. The geologic history is fully sketched. 

 The remainder of the report is concerned with an estimate of the relative 

 lengths of the Pleistocene stages and substages on Long Island, the 

 Pleistocene and Recent orogenic movements of Long Island, the prob- 

 able extension of the Pleistocene deposits (here discussed) along the New 

 England coast (including a correlation table), the correlation of the 

 Long Island Pleistocene deposits with the New Jersey non-glacial 

 formations. 



V. O. T. 



