458 



CHARLES S. PROSSER 



in the more normal ones, with, in some instances, shorter and more 

 irregular ones between these crests. The depth of the troughs, 

 from the crest to the bottom, varies from 2 to 3 inches. The 

 crests undulate or curve slightly in crossing the surface of the lime- 

 stone, and this undulation is conspicuous in the bed of Elk Run 

 a little below the branch. Fig. 1 shows the ripple-marks in the 



Fig. 1. — View of ripple-marks in bed of Elk Run, just below the Norfolk & 

 Western Railway trestle, i\ miles east of Winchester, Ohio. Photograph by C. S. 

 Prosser. 



bed of Elk Run. just below the railway trestle, and also on the 

 same layer of limestone in the bed of the small western branch. 



There is a dip of at least i° to the east as measured on the 

 crests of the ripple-marks in the lower part of the branch, and 

 farther up this stream it increases to 2 . The layer of limestone 

 contains large numbers of shells which Dr. Foerste states are 

 covered by sand. 1 It is rather difficult to make out the sand, 

 although there is granular material to some extent. This horizon 



l Jour. Geol., III (1S95), 50. 



