RIPPLE-MARKS IN OHIO LIMESTONES 463 



This stratum is known locally as the "washboard" layer, and 

 it is apparently the one described by Dr. Locke in 1838. He stated 

 that "the waved stratum at Treber's is exposed in the bed of the 

 fork, about 400 feet in length, and 50 feet in width." 1 Mr. William 

 Treber, now eighty-nine years old (July, 191 5), who lives on the 

 Treber farm just south of the run, remembers when Dr. Locke 

 studied this locality, and his daughter, Lizzie Treber, stated that 

 the layer described by Locke is believed to have been exposed in 

 the field a few rods northeast of the lower part of Trebers Run, on 

 the eastern side of the Pike. Lick Fork has shifted its. bed some- 

 what to the east and the locality is now covered by soil. The 

 strong easterly dip would probably carry the layer now exposed on 

 Trebers .Run down to the locality where it is stated that the ripple- 

 marks described by Dr. Locke were exposed. The barometer gave a 

 difference in altitude of no feet from Lick Fork at Trebers to the 

 top of the Richmond formation on Lick Fork above Young's 

 Chapel, i\ miles above Trebers. Miss Treber also stated that 

 formerly the ripple-marked layer was exposed in Lick Fork, about 

 opposite their house, as well as above it; but the high water at 

 the time this locality was studied prevented determining whether 

 any of the layer is now shown when the water in the stream is at its 

 normal height. 



Review of previous work. — Ripple-marks in the Upper Richmond 

 in Ohio, so far as known to the writer, were first described by 

 Professor John Locke from outcrops on Lick Fork, 2 about 5 miles 

 northeast of West Union, Adams County. Locke called it the 

 "waved stratum" and located its horizon as 55 feet below the top 

 of the blue limestone, No. V of his section, and he stated that 

 near a house known as Trebers it was exposed "in the bed of the 

 fork, about 400 feet in length, and 50 feet in width." 3 Professor 

 Locke, however, stated that "these waves are not local, but may 

 be traced in the same stratum over tracts of many miles. They 

 have been called ' ripple marks ' ; but all geologists will agree that 

 the blue limestone has been formed far below the reach of ' ripples.' " 4 



1 Second Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey Ohio, 1838, p. 247 and bottom of PL 6, opposite 

 p. 242. 



2 Second Ann. Rept. Geol. Survey Ohio, 1838, pp. 246, 247, and PI. 6, opposite p. 242. 



3 Ibid., p. 247. 4 Ibid., p. 246. 



