4O4 CHARLES S. PROSSER 



Messrs. Joseph Moore ami Allen D. Hole have described 

 "ripple-marks in Hudson River limestone, in Wayne County, 

 Indiana. 5 miles southwest of Richmond," which are illustrated 

 1>\ 3 plates. 1 These are probably in the Richmond formation and 

 it is stated that "the mean distance from crest to crest is approxi- 

 mately uniform for the series, and the average for twenty such 

 distances is found to be 2.63 feet. The average depth of lowest 

 part of troughs below crests is 1.' to 1 ,' ; „ inches." 3 At an earlier 

 date W. P. Shannon had described "wave-marks on Cincinnati 

 limestone" in the bed of Salt Creek, 3 miles west of Oldenburg, 

 in the southwestern part of Franklin County, Indiana. 3 



Dr. Orton called attention to the observations of Professor 

 Locke and stated that "it is an even more striking characteristic of 

 the rock in its lower beds [Cincinnati group], as shown in the river 

 quarries of Cincinnati, or in the lowermost 100 feet that are there 



exposed The interval between the ridges varies, but in 



many instances it is about 4 feet. The greatest thickness of the 

 ridge is or 7 inches, while the stone is reduced to 1 or 2 inches at 

 the bottom of the furrow, and sometimes it entirely disappears." 4 

 Or. Foerste also noted wave-marks and ripple-marks in the "Lower 

 Hudson, or Utica" opposite Cincinnati, at West Covington, 

 Kentucky , s which in general "run slightly east of north." 

 Recently Or. Kindle has reported Or. Foerste as stating that 

 "wave-marks (ripple-marks') occur in Ohio, Indiana, and Rentueky, 

 in abundance in the Lower Eden, Upper Richmond, and Upper 

 Brassfield limestones. They occur in great numbers, but not so 

 abundant, also in the Middle Eden. In Rentueky they are 

 common also Locally in the Mount Hope bed, at the base of the 

 Maysville. They occur often near the middle o\ the Arnheim and 

 at various intervals in the Lower and Middle Richmond in the 

 three states mentioned." 7 



l Proc.Ind N . 1901 (1902), pp. 216-20. 



■ Ibid., p. 117. 



ilbid., 1894 (1895), pp. S3j 54- 



- 1 Reft. G S C (1873)1 377- 



sJour. Geo/., Ill (1895), 56 58. 



6 Ibid., p. 58. " Ibid., XXII (1914), 709, 710. 



