EFFECTS OF CAPILLARITY ON OIL ACCUMULATION 803 



where d is the deflection; w, the uniform load; 1, length of beam; 

 E, the modulus of elasticity; and I, the moment of inertia. 



Substituting the values for a beam of rock 10,000 ft. wide, 

 1,000 ft. deep, 1 ft. broad, with E equal to 6,000,000 lb. per sq. in. 

 (the value of granite), and I equal to W3/12 or (1,000)3/12, the 

 equation resolves itself into the following: 



200,000 X io,oooX io,oooX io,oooX io,oooX 12 

 384X6,ooo,oooX 144X i,oooX i,oooX 1,000 



or approximately 72 ft. This means an anticline with a dip each 

 way from the crest of about 1 degree. 



A\ 



Experiment i 



Statement. — An open glass cylinder (3 in. in diameter, and 8 in. in length) 

 was placed in a pan of wet sand, so that the sand filled the lower one-third 

 of the cylinder. The water had free access from the sand in the pan to the 

 sand in the cylinder. Then a layer of 

 oil-saturated mud was placed in the cyl- 

 inder upon the wet sand; this mud occu- 

 pied about one-third of the cylinder and 

 was above the level of the water in the 

 pan. The cylinder was then filled with 

 dry sand, and the top sealed with a tube 

 attachment to a closed barometer. Read- 

 ings of the mercury were taken before 

 sealing and compared with a standard 

 barometer in the same room. 



Results. — The water migrated up- 

 ward about 1 cm. into the mud and the 

 oil moved about the same amount into the dry sand. The mercury had risen 

 within 24 hours, about 2\ cm. over the atmospheric pressure as compared 

 with the barometer; it then remained stationary. The oil also migrated down 

 into the wet sand and collected in some of the larger openings. 



Of/ vhate 



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 mrrft C 



72jSg cosH7ecf?rr<7 Jar 



B 



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Experiment 2 



Statement. — A (f-in.) layer of wet sand was placed between two layers 

 of oil in a (8 in. X 4 in. X 4 in.) rectangular glass box. The sand layer was ar- 

 ranged in an arched manner so that the artificial anticline dipped about 30 

 degrees to either side. The sand grains in the top of the curve were small (all 

 passing a 40-mesh sieve), while those in the troughs were comparatively coarse 

 (none passing a 10-mesh sieve). The top was sealed with paraffin and water 



