148 Frof. Jiidd — Geological Maps of Scotland and Ireland. 



geological map was issued as though it were the work of Arrowsmith. 

 It must cei'tainly be admitted that Macculloch's strictures on the 

 topography of the map were of such a character as to be only too 

 well calculated to produce resentment in the minds of the publishers. 



From this sketch of the history of Macculloch's Geological Map 

 of Scotland, it will be seen that the first Government Geological 

 Survey carried on in the British Islands was that of Macculloch. 

 It is often said that the work of the Government Survey originated 

 in the grant of £300 per annum made to De la Beche in 1832 

 to aid him in his labours in the South-West of England. But as 

 we have seen, Macculloch was in 1814 appointed Geologist to the 

 Trigonometi-ical Survey, and in 1826 was commissioned and paid 

 by the Treasury to make a regular survey of the country ; and his 

 map finished before the date of the first grant made to De la Beche 

 was published at the national expense. This first geological survey 

 of Scotland by Macculloch has therefore just the same right to 

 be regarded as a Government Survey as the second survey of the 

 country which was commenced in 1854 by the late Sir Andrew 

 Kamsay, and is now being carried on by many workers with such 

 admirable skill and energy. 



James Nicol's Geological Map of Scotland — a work of great merit 

 — which was issued about 1846, bears much the same relation to 

 Macculloch's map that Greenough's map does to that of Smith's. 

 Nicol's work could not have been executed had not Macculloch's 

 map been in existence, but the younger geologist was able from his 

 own investigations, and by collecting and incorporating the work 

 of many fellow-labourers in the same field, to make his map of 

 Scotland a much more complete and trustworthy work than the 

 original of John Macculloch. 



The Geological Map of Ireland by Sir Richard Griffith is well 

 worthy of taking a place side by side with Smith's England and 

 Wales and Macculloch's Scotland. Griffith, who, though born 

 in Dublin, received his scientific training in London and 

 Edinburgh, entered the Government service as an Engineer and 

 Surveyor in 1809, when only twenty-five years of age. For nearly 

 fifty years he was constantly employed, travelling in all parts of 

 the country, examining bogs, mines, and agricultural properties, 

 carrying on the " Perambulation or Boundary Survey of the parishes, 

 baronies, and counties," and making that assessment of the land so 

 well known as " Griffith's Valuation." 



In 1812, when Greenough laid the first draft of bis Map of 

 England and Wales before the Geological Society, he appears to 

 have pressed upon the attention of bis friend Eichard Griffith the 

 desirability of undertaking a similar work in Ireland, and in 

 the summer of that year the first draft of such a map was made 

 by Griffith with the aid of notes supplied by Greenough. This 

 draft appears to have been continually added to and improved down 

 to the year 1821, when a proposal for its publication was made by 

 the author in a letter to the Eoyal Dublin Society. Nothing, 

 liowever, came of this proposal; and it was not till 1835, when. 



