Reports and Proceedings — Geological Society of London. 377 



of radiolarian chert have also been found embedded in these rocks, 

 and a granite-block, mentioned by Payer as having been seen 

 embedded in an iceberg, is believed to have come from the same 

 source. 



The raised beaches are very numerous, and occur at various 

 heights, from just above sea-level to 287, 310, 340, and even 

 410 feet, drift-wood and bones of seals, walrug, and whales having 

 been found on them. On Cape Mary Harmsworth twelve beaches 

 are seen in a series one above another. The entire skeleton of a seal 

 was found on the summit-plateau of Cape Neale, together with 

 waterworn stones, at a height of 700 feet above sea-level. The 

 highest waterworn pebbles noted were found at 1,111 feet on Cape 

 Flora. In some cases floe-ice at sea-level becomes covered over 

 and preserved by gravel heaped upon it by the sea; and some of the 

 raised beaches seem to consist of a similar mixture of ice and gi'avel, 

 as is proved by the formation of pitfalls in them where the ice melts. 

 Ice-masses are also sometimes pi"eserved under taluses, avalanches, 

 and slips. 



The " ice-cap " is probably not so thick as is generally supposed, 

 and it has little downward movement. It forms domes on the 

 summits and plateaux, but it seems to be a mere mantle on the 

 terraced slopes, as it is ridged and dimpled, and during warm seasons 

 raised beaches and terraces are thawed out under the ridges. Com- 

 paratively few evidences of glaciation were met with. Roches 

 moutonnees and rounded hills are absent, and only in the two 

 valleys separating Cape Flora from Cape Gertrude were the rocks 

 planed, scratched, and polished. 



Some of the landscape features, including the separation of the 

 group into individual islands, are attributed to marine action 

 following lines of fault. 



The paper concludes with observations on soundings, the 

 temperature of glaciers, the size of icebergs, and the finding of 

 reindeer-antlers by Mr. Leigh Smith and the members of the 

 Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition. 



4. " Notes on Eocks and Fossils from Franz Josef Land brought 

 home by Dr. Koettlitz, of the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition, in 

 1897." By E. T. Newton, F.R.S., F.G.S., and J. J. H. Teall, M.A., 

 F.R.S., V.P.G.S. 



In this communication an analysis of the basalt is given, which 

 compares closely with those of basalts from Iceland. The silicifi- 

 cation of the rocks, presumably by geyser action, the presence of 

 a black analcime, pebbles of radiolarian chert, and crystals of 

 selenite, probably formed in situ in shale, are also described. 



Notes are given on some of the fossil plants, on the drift-wood, 

 and on apparently new species of Inoceramus and Belemnites. 



5. "On the Corallian Rocks of Upware." By C. B. Wedd, B.A. 

 (Communicated by J. E. Marr, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S.) 



The opinion usually held that the " Coralline Oolite " of the 

 northern quarry at Upware is of older date than the "Coral Rag" 



