Notes oti the Drift Deposits. 411 



There are few shells at first, but further on the Cyrena becomes 

 abundant with several large Unios. The common shell is the Cyclas 

 or Pisidiiim, then the Btjtliinia. Only a few Planorhis. The Cyrena 

 usually in single shells and in all positions ; a few double. 



1864. — The watershed of the Waveney and Ouse is at Lopham 

 Ford. The valley there is as important as elsewhere, and a bed 

 of high-level valley-gravel occurs at least 30 feet above the valley, 

 close to the watershed. There is no dividing ridge ; a peaty marsh 

 fills the bottom of the valley, and the Waveney flows out of it. 

 A bed a few [feet] high of sand and gravel rises to level of peat, 

 and this seems to form the division of the two streams. Trees and 

 numerous bones (skeleton of deer) are found in the peat, 



[See also Rev. 0. Fisher, Geol. Mag., vol. v, p. 557; and F. J. Benaett, 

 " Geology of the Country around Diss, etc." : Geol. Survey, p. 16.] 



2. Western Counties. 



July 18, 1878.— To Wantage with Morris Thence 



through East Challow, where the Hippopotamus is said to have 

 been found. The pit is no longer worked, but appears to have 

 been a shallow Gault pit. The H. tusk in possession of Mr. 

 [E. C] Davey looks very fresh, as though out of a peat. 



July 14, 1857 (6 p.m.). — Chippenham. Walked out to Kellaways. 

 . . . . Found a small pit in a field by Avon Farm : — 



ft. in. 



Brown clay 1 6 



White small gravel 3 



Clay 

 The brown clay contains only a few pebbles, and would not lead 

 one to suspect the presence of gravel. The gravel consists of small, 

 flat, worn fragments or pebbles of the local oolitic rocks — some of 

 the harder ones in subangular pieces, and fragments of angular flint 

 (both direct from Chalk, but more from the ferruginous drift on the 

 Downs). The matrix is sand. Saw no bones or shells. 

 [See also H. B. "Woodward, Proc. Geol. Assoc, vol. xiv, p. 341.] 

 July 15, 1857. — Devizes. Section at Broughton, near Melksham : — 



Feet. 



Brown clayey sand with few pebbles 3 to 4 



"White gravel with irregular thin beds of sand ... 4 to 5 



Oxford Clay 

 Brown subangular flint from old gravel. Angular black and 

 white chalk flints. A few quartz and lydian-stone pebbles — Lower 

 G-reensand. [Stones, septarian fragments, etc., from] Oxford Clay 

 and Kellaways Eock — abundant, chief mass. Forest Marble. All 

 the mass is in small pieces, rounded and flattened, worn, except the 

 flints, which are sharp and nearly unworn. This gravel rises 10 to 

 20 feet above the river-level, ranges to Broughton Church and Holt 

 on the west of the river. A small peat-bed overlies the gravel 

 (replacing the brickearth) by the river. The gravel is all derived 

 from material to the north-west. 



Mr. Wilkinson, the vicar of Broughton, accompanied us. He stated 

 that the tusk of an elephant (now in the Bath Museum, presented by 

 Mr. Macneill) was found in the gravel on the line by Broughton. 



