412 The late Sir Joseph Prestwich — 



[See also R. N. Mantell, Quart. Joiirn. Geol. Soc, vol. vi, p. 313.] 

 July, 1857. — To Warminster. Stopped at Codford Station, Up the 

 valley to Chittern [east of Heytesbury] .... slope of bills 

 bare. Top covered with flints 1 to 2 feet deep in an earthy-coloured 

 sand and clay, occasionally also small white quartz pebbles. At 

 the clump on top of Clay-pit hill sand and clay have been dug. The 

 section is much obscured, traces of mottled clay, yellow and white 

 sands, a carbonaceous bed, concretions of ironstone. Small masses 

 of a soft white sandstone (?) were, however, strewn about, and led 

 me to believe that the Tertiary beds were in situ, and protected by 

 being in a large sand-pipe. In one hole, however, the section was 

 clear : — 



White gravel ... ... 2 to 10 feet. 



"White siliceous sand ... ... ... ... 10 feet. 



The gravel consists of perfectly rolled (although some broken), 

 largish pebbles of white-coated flints, very light, of a few small 

 black flint-pebbles in a white and light yellow coarse sand, full of 

 small white quartz pebbles, with a few quartz and black slate (?) 

 pebbles, all spread confusedly over the white sand into which they 

 penetrate but w^ith which they do not mix. They appear to be 

 a Tertiary bed either remanie or drifted. 



The white sand is very fine, pure, and white, just the stuff that , 

 when solidified would form the Druid Sandstone. 



The order of superposition appeared to be : — 



Yellow clayey and sandy drift, full of quite angular 



yellow flints and small quartz pebbles ... 1 to 2 feet. 



White flint pebbles and quartz pebbles ... ... 6 feet. 



White sand \ 



Carbonaceous clay > ... ... 10 feet. 



Mottled clay ) 



The flint drift continues to Oldbury Camp. 



[In his paper on Westleton Beds, Part II, Quart. Journ. Geol. 

 Soc, vol. xlvi, p. 144, Sir J. Prestwich refers to "a large Tertiary 

 remnant" on the Chalk Downs of Copford (Codford), east of 

 Warminster, and remarks that it has been preserved from denudation 

 by having been let down into a cavity in the Chalk.] 



October, 1848. — Marlborough. [Notes the occurrence of ochreous 

 clay and flints which rest on a " piped " surface of Chalk.] The 

 flints are large and unrolled. The clays appear to consist of the 

 breaking up of the mottled clays and sands, the action not long 

 continued. In some places the clay is free from flints. In others 

 they occur piled one on another as close as they can be packed. 



No Date. — Calne. Surface of Chalk, top of Monument Hill. It 

 is drilled in places with Serpula-like cavities, 2 to 3 inches in length, 

 but more irregular in form ; made by the action of water and the 

 roots of grasses ? Some of the latter still remain in the tubes. 



Mendips, Drift on top of. It consists of a bright red clay, with 

 flint-pebbles (small Tertiary) and angular fragments of flint 

 (chalk ?). 



[See also Prestwich, Quart. Jouru. Geol. Soc, vol. xlvi, p. U3.] 



