79 
upward: naral apertures in the form of elongate-oval fissures in the 
lateral nasal membrane, and partially impended by the short semi- 
reflected frontal feathers ; gape armed with a few small sete; wings 
and tail rounded, the 4th, 5th and 6th primaries equal and longest ; 
legs and toes slender, the tarsi smooth, unscutellate, and very long, 
as is also the middle toe; claws but moderately curved, and of little 
more than mean length ; plumage light, soft and full, having a scale- 
like appearance on the crown, breast and belly.” 
3. CALLENE FRONTALE, Blyth. 
Syn. Cinclidium frontale, Blyth, Journ. A. 8. Beng. xi. p. 181, 
xii. p. 954. t. p. 1010. Bonap. C. G. Av. p. 301. 
Callene frontale, Blyth, Journ. A. 8. Beng. xvi. p. 136; Catal. B. 
Mus. A. 8. Beng. p. 178. 
Ruticilla frontalis, G. R. Gray, Gen. of Birds, i. p. 180. 
Brachypteryx scapularis, Horsf. MS, 
Hab. Nepal (No. 950, Hodgs. Catal.). 
Spec. Char. “Plumage dark fusco-cyaneous, the rump dusky ; 
flanks somewhat ashy, and middle of the belly slightly grey-edged ; 
lores and immediately above the beak blackish, contrasting with a 
bright czerulean forehead ; bend of the wing also czrulean, but less 
bright ; and winglet, primaries and their coverts, secondaries and ter- 
tiaries, dark olive-brown; a white spot on the under surface of the 
wing, beneath the winglet ; bill black; legs dusky brown. 
‘Length, 7% inches; of wing from bend, 33; middle tail-feathers, 
33, the outermost 3 of an inch shorter; bill to forehead nearly 2, to 
gape 13; tarse, 13; middle toe and claw, 1,3,; hind toe and claw, 3 ; 
the last, 2. 
«This bird is reported to be a fine songster, and heard chiefly in 
the evening.” —Blyth. 
Subfam. Trma.Ina. 
Genus Tricnastoma, Blyth. 
Syn. Malacocincla, Blyth. 
Gen. Char. “Bill as long as the head, rather stout, high, much 
compressed, the tip of the upper mandible pretty strongly hooked, 
but indistinctly emarginated, and its ridge obtusely angulated towards 
the base, the remainder scarcely angulated ; gape but little widened, 
and feebly bristled ; nostrils large and subovate, with oval aperture 
to the front, a little removed from the base of the bill; tarse of mean 
length and strength, as long as the middle toe with its claw; the 
claws suited for perching, compressed, and moderately curved, that 
of the hind toe rather large ; wings moderate, with the first primary 
reaching to about their middle, the second much shorter than the 
third, and the fourth longest; tail rather short, weak and even, ex- 
cept that its outermost feathers are a little shorter than the rest ; 
plumage full and lax, the coronal feathers somewhat elongated and 
of a spatulate form.” 
