ANTHRACOLITHIC ROCKS OF KANSAS 153 



teris conferta, Taeniopteris, and other characteristic Permian forms together with 

 Carboniferous types of plants exposing, probably, a representation of our Roth- 

 liegende. 



In the western and southern states, on the other hand, there occurs quite 

 similar to that in Russia, closely associated with extensive marine upper Carbon- 

 iferous deposits, in large part chalky, equally extensive marine Permian deposits, 

 likewise largely chalky. This is especially so in Kansas, Nebraska, and the adjoin- 

 ing territory. The beds in question, designated by very different names (Wichita 

 and Clear Fork beds [Cummins], Neosho, Chase and Marion [Prosser], etc.), 

 contain in the lower part nimierous Theriodonts (Naosaurus and others), Stego- 

 cephals {Eryops, Cricoius), and fish (Pleuracanihus, Janassa, etc.), recognized by 

 Cope as Permian; in the upper part, beside numerous mostly Carboniferous 

 species (especially Brachiopods — Productus, Marginifera, Enteles, Derbyia, 

 Camarophoria, Spirifer, etc. — , Lamellibranchs and Gastropods), are Permian 

 Ammonites {Medlicottia, Popanoceras, Waagenoceras). Above follows, as rep- 

 resentative of the upper Permian, a predominant red-colored, unfossiliferous 

 formation composed of sandstones, clays, and shales, gypsum and salt bearing, 

 comparable to the Russian Tartarian group.' 



The Tartarian is the upper stage of the Russian Permian and 

 some of the Russian geologists have considered it as of Triassic age. 



Dr. E. H. Sellards has described under the title of "Types of 

 Permian Insects"^ a rich insect fauna found in the Wellington shales, 

 three and one-half miles southeast of Banner City, Dickinson County, 

 Kansas. Over two thousand specimens have been collected and it 

 is stated to be "the most complete record of Permian insect life 

 thus far obtained."^ The last paper contains a section on the 

 "Correlation of the Insect-bearing Horizon" in which the most 

 striking characters of the fauna are pointed out. It is stated: 



The order Plecoptera, or Ephemerids, is somewhat abundant in the Welling- 

 ton shales. In Part II of this paper I have described ten genera and thirteen 

 species constituting a new family of this order. Insects which appear to be 

 prototypes of the Ephemerids exist in some abundance in the Coal Measures. 

 Handlirsch has recognized Ephemerids as occurring sparingly in the Permian of 

 Russia. With this exception true Ephemerids have not previously been identified 

 from Paleozoic deposits. The relative abundance of this group of insects in the 

 Wellington shales affords an exceptionally strong argument for the Permian age 

 of that formation. "* .... 



1 Ibid., pp. 301, 302. 



2 Am. Jour. Sci., 4th ser., Vol. XXII, 1906, p. 249; ibid., Vol. XXIII, 1907, p. 

 345; andibid.. Vol. XXVII, 1909, p. 151. 



3 Ibid, 4th ser., Vol. XXII, p. 249. 4 Ibid., Vol. XXVII, Feb., 1909, p. 170. 



