Reviews — Sail and Clarke — Palceozoic Brachiopoda. 173 



The following new genera representing intermediate stages of 

 structure are proposed for tlie Palaeozoic Ehynchonelloids and 

 Pentameroids : — 



Protorhyncha : type Atrypa duhia, Hall, Cliazy limestone, a 

 primitive and prolific form related to Orthis. 



Orthorhynchula : type Orthis Linneyi, Nettelroth, Hudson 

 River group, described " as a platystropboid orthid and the closest 

 link between the two groups." 



Camarotcechia, nom. nov,, is founded on the Bhynchonella con- 

 gregata, Conrad, from the Hamilton group. 



The type, Pugnax, sub-genus nov., is the Conchyliolithiis anomites 

 acuminatus of Martin, from the Carboniferous limestone. Cyclo- 

 KHiNA, gen. nov., type Ehynchospira nobilis, Hall. Syntrophia, gen. 

 nov., type Triplesia lateralis, Whitfield, from the Calciferous shales. 

 Parastrophia, type Atrypa hemiplicata, Hall, from the Hudson 

 Eiver group. 



Linne's name ConcTiidium is restricted to plicated shells of the 

 type of Conchidium biloculare=:Pentameriis conchidiiim of Dalman 

 from the Upper Silurian of Gothland. In America the species 

 appears in the fauna of the Niagara shales. That of Pentabierus, 

 Sby., is retained for smooth species without a sinus of the type of 

 Pentamerus Icevis. Barrandella, is proposed for such Pentameroids 

 as have the position of the median fold and sinus the reverse of 

 those of Bhynchonella. Capellinia is founded on a new species 

 (C. mira) from the Niagara dolomites of Wisconsin which is 

 " virtually " a reversed form of Pentamerus ohlongus. The genus 

 Amphigenia is regarded as a passage form between the Pentameroids 

 and the Terebratuloids. 



The discussion of the true Terebratuloids commences with that 

 of the primitive type of the genus Rensscellaria, which also unites 

 some Pentameroid features with a brachidium resembling that of 

 Centronella. " Anything more simple than the triangular loop of 

 Bensscellaria would be only the discrete processes of Amphigenia 

 and the Ehynchonelloids." 



The new sub-genus Beachia, based on BenssceUaria Siiessana, Hall, 

 defines certain minor loop modifications. The names Oriskania, 

 Selenella distinguish other variations of the Centronelloid loop. 

 EoMiNGERiNA is applied to species of the B. {Terehratula) Bominger 

 type, having spinulose or fimbriated loop margins. Bayle's name 

 Trigeria is revived for the plicated Centronelloids like C. Oiierangeri, 

 deVerneuil. The Devonian genus Cryptonella is held to be a direct 

 ancestor of Mngellania. Eunella is the name applied to a variety 

 with anterior apophyses broader at the base. A spinulose Crypto- 

 nelloid loop, distinguished as Hartina, is founded on Centronella 

 {Harttina) Anna, Hartt. 



The term Cranmna defines a Devonian variety^ of the Dielasmoids, 

 somewhat intermediate in structure between Cryptonella and Dielasma, 

 and represented by T. Bomingeri, Hall: Cryptonella lowensis, Calvin, 

 and "probably some other American species." The name of Beecheria 

 compliments similiarly Dr. C. B. Beecher and is applied to a smooth 



