A. Smith Woodward — On a Second Species of Eur year mus. 215 



The cranial roof-bones are very coarsely rugose and partly tuber- 

 culated ; the boundaries of the squamosals are distinct. The sclerotic 

 capsule is ossified ; there is evidence of large post-orbitals ; and the 

 long, narrow supra-maxillary bone is conspicuous. The maxilla is 

 smooth, more than twice as deep behind as in front, exhibiting the 

 usual re-entering angle in the hinder border, and beset on the oral 

 margin with a single, regular, close series of small slender teeth. 

 The dentary-bone, so far as preserved, is also smooth, and on the 

 right side three or four of the shallow sockets for the large teeth of 

 the anterior extremity are distinctly exhibited. The rami of the 

 mandible are much pressed together, and between them there 

 appears the large azygous jugular plate, which extends backwards 

 at least as far as the hinder extremity of the dentary. Behind the 

 jugular plate there follow the branchiostegal rays; and the large 

 bones of the opercular fold are as obscure as indicated in Dinkel's 

 figure. Eemains of vertebral centra are distinctly shown at the 

 posterior end of the fossil, either as complete rings or as half-rings ; 

 and there are long robust ribs. The fragmentary base of the dorsal 

 fin is evidently crushed forwards by the pressure which displaced 

 the left supra-temporal bone ; and the large pectoral fin is too im- 

 perfect for detailed description. It can be seen, however, that the 

 pectoral fin-rays are dichotomously branched and articulated distally. 

 The ornamented scales, as displayed especially in the dorsal region, 

 are well described and figured by Egerton. 



Description of New Specimen. — The new fossil from the Oxford 

 Clay of Peterborough (Brit. Mus. No. P. 6912) exhibits less of 

 the trunk than the type and is obliquely crushed from above down- 

 wards. The cranial roof is much fractured, but agrees in every 

 feature that is comparable with the foregoing specimen, the rugosity 

 being especially marked. As preserved, the cheek-plates, opercular 

 bones and post-temporals are darker in colour than those of the 

 cranial roof, comparatively smooth and with sparsely arranged fine 

 tubercles. On the left side the characteristic hinder extremity of the 

 maxilla is preserved, and on both sides there are traces of the long 

 supra-maxillary bone. On both sides also there are remains of large 

 ant-orbital and post-orbital plates. The mandible on the left side 

 shows the front border of the coronoid elevation and part of the 

 series of large teeth in the dentary bone ; while on both sides there 

 are traces of minute splenial teeth opposed to somewhat larger teeth 

 on an inner element of the upper jaw. The left pre-operculum is 

 exhibited, showing a considerable expansion in its lower half, not 

 much bent forward, and externally ornamented with rugee and 

 tuberculations. The sub-operculum appears to be about twice as 

 broad as deep, and both this and the operculum are marked with 

 very fine tuberculations. There are no certain traces of vertebral 

 centra or ribs ; but it seems probable that an annular elevation 

 beneath the scales at one point on the ventral aspect is a displaced 

 ring- vertebra, while some rods seen in cross-section at the back of 

 the fossil may possibly be ribs. Only a small portion of the clavicle 

 remains on each side, smooth on its external face, longitudinally 



