Iipjjerial Geological Institute, Vienna. 189 



Within the Arctic Circle the Swartisen glacier reaches nearly to the 

 sea, and here the rocks are inoi'O rounded. 



He exhibited sketches showing the characteristic forms of the rocks, 

 and concluded from a study of these that ice had never prevailed 

 along the entire western coast of Norway, neither had inland ice of 

 any considerable thickness flowed over this coast in sufficient volume 

 to wear off the points of the shai'ply-fractured granite. Even the 

 rocks below 100 feet are not more worn than is sometimes the case 

 in tropical climates. The " shark's teeth " of the Lofotens have not 

 been planed down, nor is there any vestige of the great ice-sheet of 

 our text-books within the Arctic Circle. Even in the fjords there 

 is no evidence of ice-action until we arrive at the head, where it is 

 very evident. There can be no better demonstration of the extent 

 of former glaciation than in the Eomsdal valley, where the line of 

 the worn base extends as high up the rock as 600 feet. He also 

 instanced the principal glaciers of the Folge Fjord, now about 7 

 miles from the open water of the fjord, though formei'ly within 1| 

 mile. Tlie angular character of the low rocky island in front of Odde 

 shows that it cannot have advanced further. 



The author concluded that at no period within geologically recent, 

 say Tertiary times, has ice extended much further than at present. 

 Seeing that the morainic matter now in the valleys has been derived 

 from the hills, there must formerly have been a greater extent of 

 land above the snow-line, and this would cause a former extension of 

 glaciers without resort to any extraneous theory or change of climate. 

 The Great Ice Age has left no trace on the Norwegian littoral. 



n. — Imperial Geological Institute, Vienna. 



September 30, 1886. — " On new Neogene Isopoda," by N. 

 Andrussow. 



Cymodocea Sarmatica, Andr., from the dark-tinted Lower Sarmatian 

 Clays of Kertch (Crimea), where it is associated with Mactra Podolica, 

 Eichw., Cardium ohsoletum, Eichw., G. papyraceum, Sinzoa, C. Fitfoni, 

 D'Orb., C Barboli, E. Horn., and several new species, Modiola 

 navicula, Dub., Tapes Vitaliana, D'Orb., Bucciimm Verneuiln. D'Orb., 

 B. substriatidum, Sinz., Trochus, several species, Polyzoa, Foramini- 

 fera, Vertebrce of Fishes, and impressions of leaves, is remarkable, as 

 being the first known undoubted fossil representative of the marine 

 Splicer omida. All hitherto known fossil SpJicBromidce are freshwater 

 forms, or belong actually to other families or eA^en orders, such as 

 the Inferior-Oolite species Sphcsroma Catidlii, Zigno. As early as 

 1868, Prof. Eichwald described Sphceroma exsors, from the Sarmatian 

 Beds of Kijchenew (Bessarabia). Palcega Anconitana, Andr., from 

 the " Schlier " of Ancon, is a counterpart of P. Gastnldii, Sism., 

 from the Miocenes of Turin. Besides the above-mentioned two 

 species, the other known Palcegce are P. scrobicidata from Karing 

 (Tyrol), the Eocene P. Catullii, Zigno, sp., two Ci'etaceous species, 

 and possibly the Cretaceous Gymatoga Jazihowi, Eichw., from Simbirsk 

 on the Volga. uSigites Kiinthi, Amm., is an Upper Jurassic repre- 

 sentative of the family j^gida. 



