328 Reports and Proceedings — 



human relics in preglacial times, had led the author to change his 

 views as to the age of the high-level gravels in the Somme, Seine, 

 Thames, and Avon valleys, and he was now disposed to assign these 

 beds to the early part of the Glacial epoch, when the ice-sheet was 

 advancing. This advance drove the men who then inhabited 

 western Europe to localities such as those mentioned which were 

 not covered with ice. Man must, however, have occupied the 

 country but a short time before the land was overwhelmed by the 

 ice-sheet. The close of the Glacial epoch, i.e. the final melting of 

 the ice-sheet, might have taken place from 8000 to 10,000 years since. 

 Neolithic man made his appearance in Europe 3000 to 4000 years 

 B.C., but may have existed for a long time previously in the east, as 

 in Egypt and Asia Minor civilized communities and large States 

 flourished at an earlier date than 4000 B.C. 



3. " Notes on some Carboniferous Species of MurcMsonia in our 

 Public Museums." By Miss Jane Donald. Communicated by J. G. 

 Goodchild, Esq., F.G.S. 



The paper gave a history of the genus MurcMsonia, an account 

 of the relations between it and Pleurotomaria, and of the resem- 

 Idances to it afforded by certain recently discovered species of 

 TurriteUa. The synonymy and a new description of the genus 

 followed, and then of the species M. angulata, M. Kendalensis, M. 

 Verneuilliana, and four forms, for which new names were proposed, 

 were described and discussed, with notes on the localities where 

 each had been found and the museums in which the specimens 

 described were preserved. The new species were named : — M.pyra- 

 midata, zonata, sphcerulata, and tenuissima. 



II.— June 8, 1887.— Professor J. W. Judd, F.E.S., President, in 

 the Chair. — The following communications were read : — 



1. " A Eevision of the Echinoidea from the Australian Tertiaries." 

 By Prof. P. Martin Duncan, M.B., F.E.S., F.G.S. 



After calling attention to a previous paper by himself published 

 in the Society's Journal for 1877, and to additions to the fauna 

 made by Prof. E. Tate and Prof. M'Coy, the author proceeded to 

 give notes on the characters, relations, and nomenclature of the 

 following 29 species of Echinoidea : — 



Cidaris [Ziocidaris AustralicB). 

 Cidaris (Ziocidaris), sp. 

 Goniocidaris, sp. spines. 

 Salenia tertiaria. 

 Fsammechinus Woodsi. 

 Ortholophus lineatus. 

 Paradoxechinus nodus. 

 Clypeaster folium, Tar. elongata. 

 C. yippslandicus. 

 G. {Monostichia) australis. 

 C. (Monostichia) Zoveni. 

 JSchinobrissus jiustralice. 

 Catopygus elegaus. 

 Pygorhynchus Vassaln. 

 Echinolampas ovulum. 



Eolaster Australice. 



H. difficilis {Rhynchopygus dysa- 



steroides). 

 Micraster brevistella. 

 Maretia anomala. 

 Megalaster compressus. 

 Pericosmus gigas. 

 P. Nelsoni. 

 P. compressus. 

 Lovenia Forbesi. 

 Euspatatigus roUmdus. 

 P. Zaiibei. 

 E. murrayensis. 

 E. Wrightii. 

 Schieaster ventricosus. 



