342 Frof. E. A. Nicholson and J. E. Marr— 



nearly white colour.^ Lastly, these volcanic beds are underlaid by 

 a final mass of dark fossiliferous mudstones, full of Brachiopods and 

 Trilobites. 



The following is a list of the fossils which we have obtained from 

 the Drygill Shales : — 



Ampyx rostratiis, Sars. Beyrichia complicata, Salt. 



Calymene cambren-sis, Salt. Zeptcsna sericea, Sow. 



Lichas laciniatus, "VVahl. ? Obolella ? 



Stygina Murchisooiim, Murch. Orthis testudinaria, Dalm. (abundant).. 



Trinucleus favus, Salt. ? 



The strata above described are not exposed elsewhere in the Cald- 

 beck Fells, to our knowledge, nor are we acquainted with any rocks 

 in the Lake-district which can be precisely paralleled with them. 

 Moreover, the relations of the strata of this small, disturbed, and 

 shattered area to the rocks in the immediate neighbourhood are not 

 at all clear. Their northern boundary is probably a faulted one, 

 since the whole series is dipping in a southerly direction, whereas 

 the general dip of the volcanic rocks of the Caldbeck Fells is 

 northerly. No actual junction, however, is seen between the lowest 

 mass of the Drygill Shales and the volcanic rocks in question. 

 Below the lowest exposure of Drygill Shales is an interval of barren 

 ground, followed by an exposure of a hard grey lava. Then there is 

 a long interval in which no rock at all is exposed to view, and, 

 finally, the lower part of Carrock Beck is excavated in a series of 

 lavas which may be regarded as a direct continuation of those of 

 Eycott Hill, with which they agree in all essential particulars. 



The relations of the Drygill Shales to the south are still more 

 obscure, since no rocks of any kind are exposed between the head of 

 Drygill Beck and the head of Brandy Gill (see sketch-map). Here 

 we meet with a mass of an imperfect granite, with the general aspect 

 of a felsite. Following the stream downwards, this is seen to be 

 succeeded by a mass of intrusive igneous rock, which Mr. Clifton 

 Ward identified with some doubt as a diorite (Quart. Journ. Geol. 

 Soc. vol. xxxii. p. 16). Southwards of this, again, is the westward 

 continuation of the gabbro (" hypersthenite " of Ward) of Mosedale 

 Crags. This, finally, is succeeded to the south by the highly-altered 

 Skiddaw Slates which occupy this portion of the valley of the 

 Caldew, and which appear to be cut off from the igneous rocks on 

 the north by a great fault. 



The strati graphical relations of the Drygill Shales are, thus, 

 obscure. So far as we are aware, the only published notice of these 

 beds is the incidental mention of them by the late Mr. Clifton Ward 

 in his memoir on "The Granitic, Granitoid, and Associated Meta- 

 morphic Eocks of the Lake District " (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. 



^ From a remark made by Mr. "Ward (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxii. p. 24), 

 ■we should be disposed to infer that this observer regarded the peculiar characters of 

 these beds as due to extreme weathering. Mr. Teall has been good enough to examine 

 for us a specimen of one of the felsitic bands associated with these light-coloured 

 breccias, and informs us that it exhibits porphyritic quartz and felspar in a crypto- 

 crystalline ground-mass. Assuming it to be a lava, he would consider it to be a 

 slightly altered liparite. 



