472 Notices of Memoirs — Br. H. Hichs — Cae Owyn Cave. 



several occasions. The section lias also been examined by Prof. 

 Boyd Dawkins, F.E.S., Messrs. C. E. De Eance, F.G.S., E. H. 

 Tiddeman, F.G.S., Clement Eeid, F.G.S., A. 0. Walker, F.L.S., 

 H. C. Beasley, and others. 



It was found necessary to remove much of the timber placed last 

 year to support the face in front of the entrance, so that the section 

 might be clearly exposed, and the cutting was widened here 

 sufficiently to show a vertical face of undisturbed deposits. The 

 timber supporting the north-east face of the cutting was allowed to 

 remain, as that portion had been well exposed last year, and it was 

 thought that the excavation in front and to the south-west would 

 yield all necessary evidence without incurring that additional trouble 

 and expense. The cutting was carried in a south-south-west 

 direction from the mouth of the cavern, and beyond the dip in the 

 field supposed to indicate the line of an old fence ; the length from 

 the timber on the north-east face to the commencement of the dip in 

 the field being about 30 feet and the width varying from 6 to 10 

 feet ; the narrowest part being at the furthest point from the cavern. 

 In the face exposed in front of the entrance, and for a distance in the 

 cutting from there of about 25 feet, the soil varied in depth from 

 18 inches to 2 feet, but at the slope supposed to indicate the line of 

 the old fence it thickened considerably. Underlying this throughout 

 the whole length of the cutting and in the field beyond this point, 

 a boulder clay of reddish-brown colour was exposed. This boulder- 

 clay contained thin seams of sand, which were traceable generally 

 at the same horizon along the whole section. 



At a depth of about 7 feet from the surface, in a continuous band 

 of reddish sandy clay, numerous fragments of marine shells and some 

 perfect ones were met with, and these have been recognized by Mrs. 

 McKenny Hughes to belong to the following species, viz. Ostrea sp., 

 Mytilus sp., NucuJa nucleus, Ga7-dium echinatum, C. edule, Cyprina 

 islandica, Astarte horealis, Artemis exoleta, Venus gallina ? Tellina 

 haltJiica, Psammohia ferroensis, Donax ? Mya truncata, Littorina sp., 

 Turritella terebra, Buccinmn undatum. Below the boulder-clay at a 

 depth of about 9 feet from the surface, there was exposed some sandy 

 gravel and fine banded sand with a total thickness of over 6 feet, 

 and under the latter a well-defined band of finely laminated 

 reddish clay. 



Below the laminated clay the brecciated bone earth was found to 

 extend as far as the cutting was made in front of the entrance, and 

 also for a distance of 7 feet in a southerly direction from the entrance. 

 This year only a few fragments of bone and bits of stalagmite were 

 obtained from this earth, though it will be remembered that last 

 3'ear it yielded many teeth as well as the flint flake which was 

 discovered near the entrance. The limestone floor under the bone 

 earth was found to rise gradually outwards from the mouth of the 

 cavern for some distance, forming a shallow basin-shaped space in 

 front of the entrance. In the bone earth in this space there were 

 several large angular blocks of limestone. 



It was not thought necessary to dig down to the floor along the 



